protein synthesis

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12 Terms

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Allele

two copies of every gene

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Amino acid

a building block of proteins.

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Codon

three base code in DNA or RNA

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mRNA

type of RNA that carries genetic information from DNA in the nucleus to protein synthesis in the cytoplasm

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Nitrogenous base

these bases form the “rungs” of the DNA ladder

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Protein

chain of amino acids that are held by peptide bonds

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Transcription

process where mRNA created from the template DNA

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Translation

process in which mRNA attaches to the ribosome and a protein is made

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tRNA

type of RNA that transports amino acids to the ribosome

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Uracil

one of the main four bases in RNA

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pairs with adenine

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Trait

specific characteristic of an organism.