International Security

Flashcards covering key concepts from Chapter 5 on International Security, including the roles of IGOs, causes of conflict, UN operations, and the principles of collective security.

What is the primary focus of international security as discussed in the chapter?

The chapter focuses on how international organizations, specifically IGOs, respond to war and threats to peace.

List some sources of conflict that states may fight over.

Territory, resources, regime change, ideology, nationalism, and religion.

What are internal and external causes of war?

Internal causes are conflicts within a state while external causes involve international threats or interventions.

What role do IGOs and member states play in relation to war?

They attempt to manage the effects of war and seek mechanisms to help prevent future wars.

Which UN bodies are examined for their role in maintaining international peace and security?

The UN Security Council, the General Assembly, and the Secretary-General.

What is the main purpose stated in Article 1 of the UN Charter?

To maintain international peace and security through effective collective measures.

According to Article 2(4) of the UN Charter, what are member states prohibited from doing?

Threatening or using force in their international relations.

What is the exception to the prohibition of using force found in the UN Charter?

Article 51 permits force in cases of self-defense or collective self-defense.

What concept does collective security rely on?

That an attack on one member is considered an attack on all members.

What historical conflict did illustrate the challenges faced by the collective security framework?

The Cold War rendered UN collective security arrangements ineffective.

What was the first major UN initiative for peacekeeping after World War II?

The establishment of the United Nations Emergency Force (UNEF) during the Suez Crisis.

What event in the 1990s revitalized the idea of collective security in the UN?

The Iraq-Kuwait crisis.

Define the concept of peacebuilding.

Activities that help post-conflict societies transition into stable, self-governing states.

What does R2P stand for?

Responsibility to Protect.

What did the 'Uniting for Peace' resolution allow the General Assembly to do?

Consider matters when the Security Council fails to act and recommend collective measures including armed force.

What was the primary goal of the NPT (Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty)?

To prevent the spread of nuclear weapons and promote peaceful uses of nuclear energy.

Which case studies are applied to examine the theoretical approaches in the chapter?

The Syrian civil war and Iran's nuclear ambitions.

How does the UN Secretary-General contribute to international security?

By identifying threats and mediating conflicts, though the role is not explicitly defined in the UN Charter.

What has been a significant challenge for UN peacekeeping operations?

The requirement for host state consent and the neutral approach of peacekeeping versus collective security's more aggressive response.

What framework does the IAEA provide for nuclear nonproliferation?

It serves as the monitoring body, ensuring compliance with nuclear agreements and the peaceful use of nuclear technology.