Lesson 11++:PPE and toxicity

What is the hazard equation?

Hazard=Toxicity x Exposure

Acute?

Short term effects

Chronic?

Long term effect from repeated exposure

LD50

mg/kg-dose to kill 50%

LC50

Acute, Respiratory, or aquatic (typically water or air) mg/L

What is NOEL?

It is the No Observable Effect Level (mg/kg/day). Higher NOEL=less toxic

How do LD50 and NOEL measurements relate?

As LD50 goes down, it is more potent a poison.

As NOEL goes up, it is a less potent poison.

Toxicity-

Degree to which a chemical substance is

poisonous

Mutagen-

A substance able to cause gentic changes

in living cells

Teratogen-

a substance or agent able to produce

abnormalities or defects in living human or animal

embryos or fetuses. Defects are not usually

inheritable

Oncogen-

a substance able to induce tumors (not

necessarily cancerous) in living tissue

Local effect

s- Injury at the point of contact

• Systemic effects-

poisoning effects that occur at

sites other than the entry point into the body

• Allergic effects

- Hypersensitivity to a specific

substance (allergen). Can occur as a localized rash or

be as serious as sending the body into shock

How do pesticides get contact?

Dermal, eyes, Inhalation, oral

What part of the body has a high absorption rate?

COck and balls