Energy Utilization : Malnutrition

Malnutrition

• lack of proper nutrition

• malnutrition can be present in bodies of all

Undernutrition

• not having enough to eat

• not eating enough of nourishing or nutrient dense things

• being unable to use the food one does eat

Overnutrition

• excessive intake of energy or nutrients

• concerns for energy balance, body composition, nutrient toxicity

• over nutrition and undernutrition may co exist

Kwashiorkor

• a type of protein energy malnutrition (PEM) with a severe deficiency of dietary protein

  • edema in the lower extremities or stomach

  • related to protein’s role fluid balance

Marasmus

• PEM with a severe deficiency of kcals

• wasting,starvation, emaciation

Stunting

• lower than expected height for age

  • occurrs in childhood, usually permanent

wasting

• diminishment of muscle and fat tissue caused by inadequate energy intake

malnutrition in youth

• malnutrition in early development → impaired cognitive development and impaired learning ability

• developmental years → emotional and behavioral challenges

• weakened immune system → increased risk of infection

• increased mortality rate