Human and Cultural Geography: Modules 18, 19, and 20

Vocabulary practice flashcards covering cultural patterns, settlement types, architecture, and demographic concepts across Modules 18, 19, and 20.

Long Lot Settlement Pattern

A linear settlement pattern in which each farmstead is situated at one end of a narrow lot.

Material Culture

Physical, visible objects made by and used by members of a social group, such as buildings, furniture, clothing, food, and artwork.

Nonmaterial Culture

An intangible, wide range of beliefs, myths, and values passed on from generation to generation.

Cultural trait

A single aspect of a given culture or society.

Local Cultures

A rural, ethnically homogenous culture that is deeply connected to local land; the opposite of pop culture.

Indigenous Cultures

A local culture that is no longer ethnic because of colonization, migration, or political marginalization.

Popular Cultures

A heterogeneous culture that is more influenced by key urban areas and quick to adopt new technologies.

Cultural Attitudes

Concepts and ideas in a society that are shaped by cultural opinions.

Language

A mutually agreed-upon system of symbolic communication.

Polygets

A person who is fluent in more than 2 languages.

Ethnic group

A people of common ancestry and cultural tradition, characterized by group identity.

Race

Historically defined by physical characteristics of a group, especially skin color.

Ethnic Geography

The study of spatial aspects of ethnicity.

Multiculturalism

A set of policies that promote the active participation and inclusion of minority groups in national histories and politics.

Ethnocentric approach

An approach to understanding other cultures that evaluates them from the perspective of the observer's culture.

Cultural Relativism

An approach that seeks to understand individuals and cultures from a wider perspective of logic.

Physical Landscape

All the natural physical surroundings that create and shape the places we are living in or examining.

Placelessness

The feeling resulting from the standardization of a built environment where everything is the same.

Modernist architecture

A functional, rational, and orderly style for building design.

Postmodern Architecture

A design style against modernist architecture that has flair.

Sequent Occupance

The concept that many places have been controlled or affected by a variety of groups over a period of time.

Secular

Less influenced or controlled by religion (or region).

Subculture

A group of people with distinct norms, values, and material practices that differentiate them from the dominant culture surrounding them.

Sense of Place

The distinct feeling of a place or a person's perception of place.

Placemaking

Efforts to use and design public places to better serve the needs of residents and to foster a stronger community.

Centripal Force

One thing that brings people together and unifies a society.

Centrifugal forces

A force that threatens the cohesion of a neighborhood, society, or country.

Secularization

The process in which a religion becomes a less dominant force now than in the past.

Long Lot Settlement Pattern

A linear settlement pattern in which each farmstead is situated at one end of a narrow lot.

Material Culture

Physical, visible objects made by and used by members of a social group, such as buildings, furniture, clothing, food, and artwork.

Nonmaterial Culture

An intangible, wide range of beliefs, myths, and values passed on from generation to generation.

Cultural Trait

A single aspect of a given culture or society.

Local Cultures

A rural, ethnically homogenous culture that is deeply connected to local land; the opposite of pop culture.

Indigenous Cultures

A local culture that is no longer ethnic because of colonization, migration, or political marginalization.

Popular Cultures

A heterogeneous culture that is more influenced by key urban areas and quick to adopt new technologies.

Cultural Attitudes

Concepts and ideas in a society that are shaped by cultural opinions.

Language

A mutually agreed-upon system of symbolic communication.

Polyglot

A person who is fluent in more than 2 languages.

Ethnic Group

A people of common ancestry and cultural tradition, characterized by group identity.

Race

Historically defined by physical characteristics of a group, especially skin color.

Ethnic Geography

The study of the spatial aspects of ethnicity.

Multiculturalism

A set of policies that promote the active participation and inclusion of minority groups in national histories and politics.

Ethnocentric Approach

An approach to understanding other cultures that evaluates them from the perspective of the observer's culture.

Cultural Relativism

An approach that seeks to understand individuals and cultures from a wider perspective of logic.

Physical Landscape

All the natural physical surroundings that create and shape the places we are living in or examining.

Placelessness

The feeling resulting from the standardization of a built environment where everything is the same.

Modernist Architecture

A functional, rational, and orderly style for building design.

Postmodern Architecture

A building design style in opposition to modernist architecture that features decorative flair.

Sequent Occupance

The concept that many places have been controlled or affected by a variety of groups over a period of time.

Secular

Less influenced or controlled by religion.

Subculture

A group of people with distinct norms, values, and material practices that differentiate them from the dominant culture surrounding them.

Sense of Place

The distinct feeling of a place or a person's perception of a place.

Placemaking

Efforts to use and design public places to better serve the needs of residents and to foster a stronger community.

Centripetal Force

A force that brings people together and unifies a society.

Centrifugal Forces

A force that threatens the cohesion of a neighborhood, society, or country.

Secularization

The process in which religion becomes a less dominant force in a society than it was in the past.