Mammalogy Practical 1

Nasal bone

Maxillary bone

Frontal bone

Parietal bone

Squamosal bone

Mandibular fossa (the groove on the squamosal bone)

Zygomatic arch (the whole arch)

Sagittal crest

Jugal bone

Occipital bone (the whole back of the head)

Foramen magnum (the whole on the occipital bone)

Occipital condyles (the bones surrounding the foramen magnum)

Auditory bullae

Basiphenoid

Presphenoid

Pterygoid

Palatine

Dentary bone (whole lower jaw bone)

Coronoid process

Condyloid process

Angular process

Scapula

Radius

Phalanges

Pelvis

Patella

Fibula

Clavicle

Carpals

Femur

Tibia

Tarsals

Humerus

Metacarpals

Metatarsals

Ulna

Cervical vertebrate

Thoracic vertebrate

Lumbar vertebrate

Sacral vertebrate

Caudal vertebrate

Zalambdodont (V shaped ridges). Ex: Golden mole

Dilambdodont (w shaped ridges). Ex Mole, bat

Euthemorphic teeth (4 cusps). Ex: Hedgehog, Raccoon

Lophodont (cusps join into low ridges). Ex: Rhinos, horse

Selenodont (individual cusps into crescent-shaped ridges). Ex: elk

Bunodont (molar crowns consisting of low, rounded, individual cusps). Ex: primates, pigs, raccoons, pigs

Carnassials (upper fourth premolar and lower first molar)

Brachydont (bottom right; long roots with “m” shaped enamel), Hypsodont (top left; short roots with lowered, “u” shaped enamel)

Class - Metatheria; Family - Didelphidae; Virginia opossum. Long thick tail, long fur

Class - Metatheria; Family - Didelphidae; Virginia opossum. Small brain case, lacrimal canal, multiple openings in palate, jugal contacts mandibular fossa

Class - Eutheria; Order - Cingulata; Armadillo

Class - Eutheria; Order - Cingulata; Armadillo

Class - Eutheria; Order - Soricomorpha; Family - Soricidae; Masked shrew

Class - Eutheria; Order - Soricomorpha; Family - Soricidae; Northern short-tailed shrew

Class - Eutheria; Order - Soricomorpha; Family - Soricidae; Least shrew

Class - Eutheria; Order - Soricomorpha; Family - Talpidae; Eastern mole

Class - Eutheria; Order - Chiroptera; Suborder - Microchiroptera; Family - Molossidae; Brazilian free-tailed bat.

Class - Eutheria; Order - Chiroptera; Suborder - Microchiroptera; Family - Vespertilionidae; Townsend’s long-eared bat

Class - Eutheria; Order - Chiroptera; Suborder - Microchiroptera; Family - Vespertilionidae; Big brown bat

Class - Eutheria; Order - Chiroptera; Suborder - Microchiroptera; Family - Vespertilionidae; Silver-haired bat

Class - Eutheria; Order - Chiroptera; Suborder - Microchiroptera; Family - Vespertilionidae; Eastern red bat

Class - Eutheria; Order - Chiroptera; Suborder - Microchiroptera; Family - Vespertilionidae; Hoary bat

Class - Eutheria; Order - Chiroptera; Suborder - Microchiroptera; Family - Vespertilionidae; Northern Myotis

Class - Eutheria; Order - Chiroptera; Suborder - Microchiroptera; Family - Vespertilionidae; Long-legged Myotis

Class - Eutheria; Order - Chiroptera; Suborder - Microchiroptera; Family - Vespertilionidae; Fringed Myotis

Class - Eutheria; Order - Chiroptera; Suborder - Microchiroptera; Family - Vespertilionidae; Western Small-footed Myotis

Class - Eutheria; Order - Chiroptera; Suborder - Microchiroptera; Family - Vespertilionidae; Little brown Myotis

Class - Eutheria; Order - Chiroptera; Suborder - Microchiroptera; Family - Vespertilionidae; Evening bat

Class - Eutheria; Order - Chiroptera; Suborder - Microchiroptera; Family - Vespertilionidae; Eastern pipistrelle

Skull identification between Molossidae & Vespertilionidae (Bats)

Molissidae have a complete palate (only Brazilian free-tailed bat), Vespertiliondae have incomplete palate (all other bats)

Class - Eutheria; Order - Carnivora; Suborder - Caniformia; Family - Canidae; Coyote

Class - Eutheria; Order - Carnivora; Suborder - Caniformia; Family - Canidae; Coyote

Class - Eutheria; Order - Carnivora; Suborder - Caniformia; Family - Canidae; Common gray fox

Class - Eutheria; Order - Carnivora; Suborder - Caniformia; Family - Canidae; Common gray fox. Separated sagittal crest

Class - Eutheria; Order - Carnivora; Suborder - Caniformia; Family - Canidae; Swift Fox

Class - Eutheria; Order - Carnivora; Suborder - Caniformia; Family - Canidae; Swift Fox

Class - Eutheria; Order - Carnivora; Suborder - Caniformia; Family - Canidae; Red Fox

Class - Eutheria; Order - Carnivora; Suborder - Caniformia; Family - Canidae; Red Fox

Class - Eutheria; Order - Carnivora; Suborder - Feliformia; Family - Felidae; Puma concolor

Class - Eutheria; Order - Carnivora; Suborder - Feliformia; Family - Felidae; Puma concolor. Mountain lion has tooth between canine & premolar (unlike bobcat)

Class - Eutheria; Order - Carnivora; Suborder - Feliformia; Family - Felidae; Bobcat

Class - Eutheria; Order - Carnivora; Suborder - Feliformia; Family - Felidae; Bobcat. No tooth between canine & premolar (unlike mountain lion)

Class - Eutheria; Order - Carnivora; Suborder - Caniformia; Family - Mustelidae; Least Weasel

Class - Eutheria; Order - Carnivora; Suborder - Caniformia; Family - Mustelidae; Northern river otter

Class - Eutheria; Order - Carnivora; Suborder - Caniformia; Family - Mustelidae; Mink

Class - Eutheria; Order - Carnivora; Suborder - Caniformia; Family - Mustelidae; American badger

Class - Eutheria; Order - Carnivora; Suborder - Caniformia; Family - Mustelidae; American badger

Class - Eutheria; Order - Carnivora; Suborder - Caniformia; Family - Ursidae; American black bear

Class - Eutheria; Order - Carnivora; Suborder - Caniformia; Family - Ursidae; American black bear

Class - Eutheria; Order - Carnivora; Suborder - Caniformia; Family - Ursidae; Polar bear

Class - Eutheria; Order - Carnivora; Suborder - Caniformia; Family - Ursidae; Polar bear

Class - Eutheria; Order - Carnivora; Suborder - Caniformia; Family - Ursidae; Grizzly bear

Class - Eutheria; Order - Carnivora; Suborder - Caniformia; Family - Ursidae; Grizzly bear

Class - Eutheria; Order - Carnivora; Suborder - Caniformia; Family - Mephitidae; Striped skunk

Class - Eutheria; Order - Carnivora; Suborder - Caniformia; Family - Mephitidae; Eastern spotted skunk

Class - Eutheria; Order - Carnivora; Suborder - Caniformia; Family - Mustelidae; Gulo Gulo

Class - Eutheria; Order - Carnivora; Suborder - Caniformia; Family - Mustelidae; Gulo Gulo

Class - Eutheria; Order - Carnivora; Suborder - Caniformia; Family - Procyonidae; Ringtail

Class - Eutheria; Order - Carnivora; Suborder - Caniformia; Family - Procyonidae; Northern raccoon