theology unit 1 test

aggravating circumstance

circumstance that increases gravity of a situation

brute bad luck

dilemma where by no fault of your own, you must make a choice with no favorable outcomes

circumstance

one of the spider analysis chart quadrants; includes mitigating and aggravating

freedom

a product of the social contract; social contract allows us to be free to move about safely in a society

gravity

the level of seriousness of an act

human act

an act committed by a human; may be judged moral, immoral, or nonmoral

immoral

a human act assessed as bad or wrong

intrinsic evil

an act that is in and of itself evil, has no mitigating circumstances

mitigating circumstance

a circumstance that lessens gravity of a situation

moral

a human act that is assessed as good or right

moral dilemma

a situation where you are asked to make a difficult decision based on moral values

moral imagination

using stories to practice moral decision-making

nonmoral

a human act considered neutral or carrying no definitive “right or wrong”

objective

outside the mind; the world as it is

purpose

one of the spider chart analysis quadrants; also referred to as intent or motive

reciprocity

a requirement of the social contract; limiting your own freedom so that others may be free

social contract

a set of unwritten rules that a society operates by in order to keep order and thrive

subjective

inside the mind; the world as perceived

personal benefit

acknowledge the extent to which an action produces beneficial consequences for the individual in question

social benefit

acknowledge the extent to which an action produces beneficial consequences for society

principle of benevolence

help those in need

principle of paternalism

assist others in pursuing their best interests when they cannot do so themselves

principle of harm

do not harm others

principle of honesty

do not deceive others

principle of lawfulness

do not violate the law

principle of autonomy

acknowledge a person’s freedom over his actions or physical body

principle of justice

acknowledge a person’s right to due process, fair compensation for harm done, and fair distribution of benefits

rights

acknowledge a person’s rights to life, information, privacy, free expression, and safety

spider chart of analysis quadrants

act, intent, circumstances, judgement

CCC 1760

A morally good act requires the goodness of its object, of its end, and of its circumstances together.

CCC 1761

There are concrete acts that it is always wrong to choose, because their choice entails a disorder of the will, i.e., a moral evil. One may not do evil so that good may result from it.

spider chart

act, intent, circumstances, judgement

morality

seeking to cultivate and practice virtue

virtue

a habitual and firm disposition to do the good

reason draws from

ethics and moral theology

faith draws from

moral theology