BIOL121 Lab Exam 3- Muscles

University of Southern Indiana (USI) Muscle Flashcards

Orbicularis Oculi

Origin- Nasal portion of frontal bone, frontal process of maxilla

Insertion- Skin around orbit, lateral palpebral raphe

Action- Closes Eyelids

Orbicularis Oris

Origin- Maxilla, mandible, and deep surface of skin around mouth

Insertion- Modiolus (corners of mouth) and mucous membranes of lips

Action- Controls lip movement

Buccinator

Origin- Alveolar processes of mandible and maxilla

Insertion- Blends into orbicularis oris and modiolus

Action- Moves cheeks

Platysma

Origin- Fascia of chest (pectoralis major and deltoid)

Insertion- Base of mandible, skin of lower face

Action- Depresses jaw and lower lip, tenses neck skin

Masseter

Origin- Zygomatic arch (cheekbone)

Insertion- Ramus and angle of Mandible

Action- Closes jaw (eating), pull lower jaw forward

Temporalis

Origin-Temporal fossa

Insertion- Coronoid process and ramus of mandible

Action- Closes jaw and pulls it back

Sternocleidomastoid

Origin- Manubrium of sternum, medial clavicle

Insertion- Mastoid process of Temporal bone

Action- Rotates head, flexes neck

External Intercostals

Origin- Inferior border of ribs (above)

Insertion- Superior border of ribs (below)

Action- Elevates ribs when inhaling

Internal Intercostals

Origin- Superior border of ribs (below)

Insertion- Inferior border of ribs (above)

Action- Depresses ribs when exhaling

Diaphragm

Origin- Xiphoid process, lower 6 ribs, lumbar vertebrae (1-3)

Insertion- Central tendon of diaphragm

Action- Flattens during inhalation, expands thoracic cavity

Rectus Abdominis

Origin- Pubic crest and symphysis

Insertion- Xiphoid process and costal cartilages of ribs 5-7

Action- Flexes lumbar spine, compresses abdomen

External Oblique

Origin- External surfaces of lower 8 ribs

Insertion- Linea alba, pubic tubercle, and anterior half of iliac crest

Action- Flexes trunk, compresses abdomen

Internal Oblique

Origin- Thoracolumbar fascia, 2/3rds of iliac crest, half of inguinal ligament

Insertion- Inferior borders of ribs 10-12, linea alba, pubic crest

Action- Flexes trunk, compresses abdomen

Transverse Abdominis

Origin- Costal cartilages of lower 6 ribs, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, and lateral third of inguinal ligament

Insertion- Linea alba, pubic crest, pectineal line

Action- Compresses abdominal contents

Pectoralis Major

Origin- Clavicular head, sternocostal head

Insertion- Lateral lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerus

Action- Adducts, medially rotates, and flexes arm at shoulder joint

Pectoralis Minor

Origin- Anterior surfaces of ribs 3-5

Insertion- Coracoid process of scapula

Action- Stabilizes scapula

Serratus Anterior

Origin- Lateral surfaces of ribs 1-8

Insertion- Medial border of scapula

Action- Protracts and rotates scapula upward

Trapezius

Origin- Occipital bone, ligamentum nuchae, spinous processes of C7-T12 vertebrae

Insertion- Lateral third of clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula

Action- Elevates scapula, retracts scapula, depresses scapula, and rotates scapula upward

Levator Scapulae

Origin- Transverse processes of C1-C4

Insertion- Medial border of scapula

Action- Elevates scapula and rotates scapula downward

Rhomboid Major

Origin- Spinous processes of T2-T5

Insertion- Medial border of Scapula

Action- Retracts and rotates scapula downward

Rhomboid Minor

Origin- Nuchal ligament and spinous processes of C7 and T1

Insertion- Medial border of scapula

Action- retracts and rotates scapula downward

Deltoid

Origin- Lateral third of clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula

Insertion- deltoid tuberosity of humerus

Action-Flexes and medially rotates arm, abducts arm, extends and laterally rotates arm

Teres Major

Origin- Inferior angle of scapula

Insertion- Medial lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerus

Action- Adducts, extends, and medially rotates arm at shoulder joint

Supraspinatus (rotator cuff muscle)

Origin- Supraspinous fossa of scapula

Insertion- Greater tubercle of humerus

Action- Initiates arm abduction, stabilizes shoulder joint

Infraspinatus (rotator cuff muscle)

Origin- Infraspinous fossa of scapula

Insertion- greater tubercle of humerus

Action- laterally rortates arm at shoulder joint

Teres minor (rotator cuff muscle)

Origin- Lateral border of scapula

Insertion- Greater tubercle of humerus

Action- Laterally rotates arm at shoulder joint

Subscapularis (rotator cuff muscle)

Origin- Subscapular fossa of scapula

Insertion- Lesser tubercle of humerus

Action- Medially rotates arm at shoulder joint

Triceps Brachii (Long Head)

Origin- Infraglenoid tubercle of scapula

Insertion- Olecranon process of Ulna

Action- Extends forearm at elbow joint, extends and adducts arm at shoulder joint

Triceps Brachii (Lateral Head)

Origin- Posterior surface of humerus

Insertion- Olecranon process of ulna

Action- Extends forearm at elbow joint

Triceps Brachii (Medial Head)

Origin- Posterior surface of the Humerus (inferior to radial groove)

Insertion- Olecranon process of Ulna

Action- Extends forearm at elbow joint

Biceps Brachii (Long Head)

Origin- Supraglenoid tubercle of scapula

Insertion- Radial tuberosity and bicipital aponeurosis

Action- Flexes forearm at elbow joint, supinates forearm, and assists with arm flexion at shoulder joint

Biceps Brachii (Short Head)

Origin- Coracoid process of scapula

Insertion- Radial tuberosity and bicipital aponeurosis

Action- Flexes forearm at elbow joint, supinates forearm, and assists with arm flexion/adduction at shoulder joint

Brachialis

Origin- Distal humerus

Insertion- Coronoid process and tuberosity of ulna

Action- Flexes forearm at elbow joint

Pronator Teres

Origin- Medial epicondyle of humerus, coronoid process of ulna

Insertion- Lateral surface of radius

Action- Turns palm downwards and flexes forearm at elbow

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

Origin- Medial epicondyle of humerus, olecranon and posterior border of ulna

Insertion- Pisiform, base of 5th metacarpal

Action- Flexes and adducts hand at wrist joint

Brachioradialis

Origin- Supercondylar ridge of humerus

Insertion- Lateral surface of distal radius

Action- flexes forearm at elbow joint

Extensor Digitorum

Origin- Medial lateral epicondyle of humerus

Insertion- Extensor expansions of digits 2-5

Action- Extends digits 2-5, wrist extension

Exstensor Carpi Ulnaris

Origin- Lateral epicondyle of humerus

Insertion- Base of 5th metacarpal

Action- Extends and adducts hand at wrist

Iliopsoas (Iliacus)

Origin- Iliac fossa and internal lip of iliac crest

Insertion- Lesser trrochanter of femur

Action- Flexes thigh at hip joint

Iliopsoas (Psoas major)

Origin- Transverse processes and bodies of T12-L5 vertebrae

Insertion- Lesser trochanter of femur

Action- Flexes thigh at hip joint, flexes trunk laterally

Sartorius

Origin- Anterior superior iliac spine of ilium

Insertion- Proximal medial surface of tibia

Action-Flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates thigh at hip

Adductor Magnus

Origin- Inferior pubic ramus

Insertion- Addcutor tubercle of femur

Action- Adducts thigh at the hip, extends and flexes thigh

Adductor Longus

Origin- Body of pubis

Insertion- Linea aspera of femur

Action- Adducts and medially rotates thigh at hip joint