BioMed 1.1.5 Quiz

DNA

negatively charged molecule found in all living things that serves as the blueprint for which proteins are made

DNA in eukaryotes

nucleus

DNA in prokaryotes

nucleoid

Monomer for DNA

nucleotide

Chargaff’s base pairing rule

Adenine and thymine, guanine and cytosine

Purines

Adenine and guanine

Pyrimidines

Thymine and cytosine

Why is DNA useful?

It can you exactly who was at the scene because every person has a unique genome

Ribosomes

make proteins

Mitochondira

make ATP through cellular respiration

Cell membrane

controls what comes in and out of the cell, maintaining homeostasis

Eukaryote

makes unicellular and multicellular, complex membrane bound organelles

Prokaryote

unicellular, no complex membrane bound organelles

How many chromosomes in a human body cell?

46

What is the purpose of PCR?

It makes millions of copies of DNA so scientists can analyze it even if there is a small amount given

Denaturation

Heat breaks open hydrogen bonds holding each strand of DNA

Annealing

lab made primers bind to gene of interest on the DNA strands. mark the beginning for new DNA strands to be made

Extension

TAQ polymerase adds in free nucleotides to build brand new complementary strands

Restriction Enzymes

cut DNA into recognition sites