Islam Architecture (Part 1)
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20 Terms
Islam
A monotheistic religion that began in Arabia, founded by Muhammad in the 7th century AD.
Hegira
The migration of Muhammad from Mecca to Medina in 622 AD, marking the beginning of the Islamic calendar.
Mosque
A principal place of worship in Islam, used for prayer and community gatherings.
Qibla
The wall in a mosque that indicates the direction of Mecca, where Muslims face during prayer.
Minaret
A tower attached to a mosque from which the muezzin calls the faithful to prayer.
Iwan
A large vaulted portal that opens onto the central courtyard of a mosque.
Minbar
The pulpit from which the imam delivers sermons during prayer services.
Sahn
The atrium or courtyard of a mosque, often surrounded by arcades.
Muqarnas
A decorative architectural element resembling stalactites, often found in Islamic architecture.
Dome of the Rock
An octagonal shrine in Jerusalem, influenced by Byzantine architecture, believed to be the site of Muhammad's ascension to heaven.
Ka’ba
A sacred cubical structure in Mecca, considered the "House of God" and the focal point of Islamic prayer.
Moorish Architecture
A style of Islamic architecture found in North Africa and Spain, characterized by large mosques and fortress-palaces.
Mughal Architecture
A blend of Indian and Islamic architectural traditions, prominent during the Mughal Period in northern India.
Taj Mahal
A mausoleum built by Shah Jahan for his wife, known for its stunning marble facade and intricate floral inlays.
Muezzin
The person who calls Muslims to prayer from the minaret of a mosque.
Imam
The leader of prayer in a mosque, responsible for guiding the congregation.
Caliph
The political and spiritual successor to Muhammad, serving as a leader in the Islamic community.
Sufi
A holy man in Islam known for his mystical practices and spiritual teachings.
Masjid
A general term for a mosque, often used for daily prayers by individuals or small groups.
Jami
The congregational mosque used for the main weekly service, typically larger than a masjid.