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Stowell earns 20% interest compounded annually on his savings. He will deposit $1,500 today, $1,650 one year from today, and $1,820 two years from today. What will be the account balance three years from today?
$7,140
$7,268
$7,152
$7,889
$7,152
William deposited $25,000 today that would earn an annual interest of 3% each year for a period of 2 years. The amount of $25,000 represents the:
present value of an annuity
future value of an annuity
present value
future value
present value
Robert White will receive cash flows of $4,450, $4,775, and $5,125 from his investment at the end of in the next three years. If he can earn 7% on the investment, what is the future value of his investment cash flows at the end of three years.
$15,329
$15,427
$16,427
$14,427
$15,329
Damien McCoy has loaned money to his brother at an annual interest rate of 5.85%. He expects to receive $987, $1,012, $1,062, and $1,162 at the end of the next four years as complete repayment of the loan with interest. How much did he loan out to his brother?
$3,785
$3,757
$3,657
$3,685
$3,657
To calculate the future value of a series of cash flows, we can add up all the cash flows and then calculate their compounded value at the given rate of interest.
True
False
False
To determine the monthly payment on a one-year loan, divide the amount of the loan by 12.
True
False
False
You have won the lottery and will receive 20 annual payments of $10,000 starting today. If you can invest these payment at 8.5%, what is the present value of your winnings?
$94,633
$102,677
$200,000
$524,891
$102,677
The future value of an ordinary annuity is less than the future value of an annuity due.
True
False
True
If your investment pays the same amount at the end of each year for a period of six years, the cash flow stream is called:
a perpetuity
an ordinary annuity
an annuity due
a growing perpetuity
an ordinary annuity
Shaun Barringer has started on his first job. He plans to start saving for retirement. He will invest $5,000 at the end of each year for the next 45 years in a fund that will earn an annual return of 10%. How much will Shaun have at the end of 45 years?
$2,667,904
$3,594,524
$1,745,600
$5,233,442
$3,594,524
If your investment pays the same amount at the beginning of each year for a period of 10 years, the cash flow stream is called:
a perpetuity
an ordinary annuity
an annuity due
a growing perpetuity
an annuity due
Which of the following is most like an example of a perpetuity in today’s financial markets?
Corporate bonds
Preferred stock dividends
Mortgage payments
Car loan payments
Preferred stock dividends
Stuart Waddle’s father is 55 years old and wants to set up a cash flow stream that would be forever. He would like to receive $15,000 every year, beginning at the end of this year. These payments would then continue to future generations indefinitely. If he could invest in account earning 9% annually, how much would he have to invest today to receive his perpetual cash flow?
$166,667
$200,000
$222,222
$135,200
$166,667
Brandon Ramirez wants to set up an annual perpetual scholarship at his alma mater. He is willing to invest $320,000 in an account earning 11% annually. What will be the annual scholarship that can be given from this investment?
$50,000
$32,600
$35,200
$40,000
$35,200
A perpetuity bond pays a coupon of $136 per year and has a required rate of return of 3.5%. What is the market value of the bond?
$3,863.55
$3,872.76
$3,885.71
$3,817.34
$3,885.71
Which of the following examples represents a growing annuity?
An inflation-adjusted 25-year lease
A 30-year mortgage
A consol
A share of preferred stock
An inflation-adjusted 25-year lease
You have received a share of preferred stock that pays an annual dividend of $10. Similar preferred stock issues are yielding 22.5%. What is the value of this share of preferred stock?
$41.50
$46.67
$44.44
$45.67
$44.44
A modern day example of a perpetuity is a:
corporate bond
treasury bond
share of preferred stock
share of common stock
share of preferred stock
A consol, issued by the British government to finance the Napoleonic Wars is an example of:
growing annuity
perpetuity
an ordinary annuity
annuity due
perpetuity
Sid Phillips has funded a retirement investment with $250,000 earning a return of 6.75% annually. What is the value of the annual payment that he can receive in perpetuity starting next year?
$12,150
$15,250
$16,875
$14,900
$16,875
A firm receives a cash flow from an investment that will increase by 10% annually for an infinite number of years. This cash flow is called:
an annuity due
a growing perpetuity
an ordinary annuity
a growing annuity
a growing perpetuity
Cavincare has 50 years remaining on a service contract with Martin, Inc. Today, Martin paid $120,000 for services received last year and the annual payment increases by 2.5% each year. The firm’s required rate of return is 15%. What is the value of the contract to Cavincare.
$974,634
$980,879
$987,131
$915,000
$980,879
Noel Klinger is planning to invest in an insurance company product. The product will pay $12,500 at the end of this year. Thereafter, the payments will grow annually at a 2.5% rate forever. Jack will be able to invest his cash flows at an annual rate of 5.5%. What is the present value of this investment cash flow stream?
$326,908
$312,766
$416,667
$446,667
$416,667
The effective annual rate (EAR) will equal the annual percentage rate (APR) if interest is compounded:
daily
monthly
quarterly
annually
annually
The true cost of lending is the:
annual percentage rate
effective annual rate
quoted interest rate
interest rate per period
effective annual rate
Surreal Corp. has borrowed to invest in a project. The loan calls for a payment of $17,500 every month for three years. The lender quoted Surreal an APR of 8.40% with monthly compounding. What is the effective annual rate (EAR) for this loan?
8.40%
8.73%
8.95%
8.44%
8.73%
An investment pays 18% interest compounded quarterly. What is the effective annual interest rate?
18.9%
18.3%
19.9%
19.3%
19.3%
What is the key difference between a perpetuity and a 100-year ordinary annuity that affects their present values?
The perpetuity involved decreasing payments, while the annuity involved increasing payments
The perpetuity continues forever, whereas the annuity has a finite number of payments
The perpetuity is discounted at a higher rate than the annuity
The annuity payments are adjusted for inflation, while the perpetuity is not
The perpetuity continues forever, whereas the annuity has a finite number of payments
In an annuity due, when do the cash flows occur?
At the end of each period
At the beginning of each period
In the middle of each period
At irregular intervals throughout the period
At the beginning of each period
Why are monthly lease payments for renting a warehouse typically considered an annuity due?
Because the payments occur at the end of each month
Because the payments are made at the beginning of each month
Because the monthly lease payments increase over time
Because the payments occur at irregular intervals from month-to month
Because the payments are made at the beginning of each month
In a typical loan amortization schedule involving a consumer loan, the amount of each loan payment is fixed.
Ture
False
True
You are purchasing a used car and will make 5 annual payments of $3,500 starting one year from today. If your funds could be invested at 9%, what is the present value of the car?
$13,614
$20,946
$14,839
$17,500
$13,614
Which of the following is NOT a typical way in which interest rates are quoted in the marketplace?
Quoted interest rate
Interest rate per period
Discounted interest rate
Effective annual interest rate (EAR)
Discounted interest rate
The Truth-in-Lending Act requires borrowers to disclose the:
effective annual interest (EAR)
margin interest rate
annual percentage rate (APR)
discount interest rate
annual percentage rate (APR)
Nick invested $2,000 in a bank savings account today and another $2000 a year from now. If the bank pays interest of 10% per year, how much money will Nick have at the end of two years?
$4,000
$4,210
$4,200
$4,620
$4,620
Anna will receive $15,000 from a bank deposit in 2 years which earned an annual interest rate of 3.5%. The amount of $15,000 represents the:
present value of an annuity
future value
future value of an annuity
present value
future value
The present value of multiple cash flows is:
greater than the sum of the cash flows
less than the sum of the cash flows
higher or lower than the cash flows depending on the interest rate
equal to the sum of all the cash flows
less than the sum of the cash flows
A preferred stock would be an example of:
a perpetuity
an ordinary annuity
an annuity due
a growing annuity
a perpetuity
Which of the following statements is true of amortization?
The computation of loan amortization is wholly based on the computation of simple interest
Amortization solely refers to the total value to be paid by the borrower at the end of maturity
The amortization schedule provides principal, interest, and unpaid principal balance for each period
The amortization schedule represents only the interest portion of the loan
The amortization schedule provides principal, interest, and unpaid principal balance for each period
Newship Inc. has borrowed from its bank at an annual interest rate of 8% and will repay the loan with interest over the next five years. Its scheduled payments, starting at the end of the year are as follows: -$450,000, $560,000, $750,000, $875,000, and $1,000,000. What is the present value of these payments?
$2,431,224
$2,989,351
$2,735,200
$2,815,885
$2,815,885
Ransport Company has made an investment in another company that will guarantee a cash flow of $37,250 each year for the next five years. If the company uses a discount rate of 15% on its investments, what is the present value of this investment?
$251,154
$101,766
$186,250
$124,868
$124,868
Dawson Electricals has borrowed $27,850 from its bank at an annual rate of 8.5%. It plans to repay the loan in eight equal installments, beginning in a year. What is its annual loan payment?
$4,748
$5,134
$4,708
$4,939
$4,939
Tim Dodson has borrowed $8,600 to pay for his new car. The annual interest rate on the loan is 9.4%, and the loan needs to be repaid in four annual payments. What will be his annual payment if he begins his payments now?
$2,304
$2,850
$2,448
$2,229
$2,448
You are evaluating a growing perpetuity investment from a large financial services firm. The investment promises an initial payment of $20,000 at the end of this year and subsequence annual payments the will grow at a rate of 3.4%. If you use a 9% annual discount rate for investment like this, what is the present value of this growing perpetuity?
$365,632
$357,143
$378,130
$372,925
$357,143
What is the market value of a stock that paid a dividend of $3.80 last year if the dividend is increasing at 10% annually and the required rate of return on the stock is 20%?
$39.50
$41.80
$38.30
$39.80
$41.80
Milner is saving for her retirement. She will make a deposit into her IRA account at the end of each quarter for the next 36 years. The expected return on the account is 8%. How much will she have to deposit each quarter to have $650,000 in the account when she retires 36 years from today?
$796.81
$4,513.89
$260.34
$2702.61
$796.81
You are starting college this month, and your favorite aunt has agreed to give you $4,000 at the end of each of your four years and you can save $8,000 at the end of each year for the first two years after you graduate. If all of these amounts are invested at 14%, how much will you have to start graduate school, six years from now?
$42,160
$42,927
$42,167
$42,702
$42,702
James Perkins wants to have a million dollars at retirement, which is 15 years away. He already has $200,000 in an IRA earning 8% annually. How much does he need to save each year, beginning at the end of this year, to reach his target? Assume he could earn 8% annually on any investment he makes.
$10,900
$16,110
$14,273
$13,464
$13,464
Krysel Inc. is expecting a new project to begin producing cash flows at the end of this year. They expect cash flows to be as follows:
1 - $663,547
2 - $698,214
3 - $795,908
4 - $798,326
5 - $755,444
If they can reinvest these cash flows to earn an annual return of 9.2%, what is the future value of this cash flow stream at the end of five years?
$4,429,046
$4,368,692
$4,468,692
$4,529,046
$4,429,046
Which of the following statements is true of annual percentage rate (APR)?
The APR is the true cost of borrowing and lending
The APR is similar to the quoted interest rate, which is a simple annual rate
The APR calculation adjusts for the effects of compounding and, hence, the time value of money
The APR takes compounding effect into account
The APR is similar to the quoted interest rate, which is a simple annual rate
The true cost of borrowing is the:
quoted interest rate
effective annual rate
annual percentage rate
periodic rate
effective annual rate
Raymond Bartz is trying to choose between two equally risky annuities, each paying $5,000 per year for five years. One is an ordinary annuity, and the other is an annuity due. Which of the following statements is most correct?
The present value of an ordinary annuity must exceed the present value of the annuity due, but the future value of an ordinary annuity may be less than the future values of the annuity due
If interest rates increase, the difference between the present value of the ordinary annuity and the present value of the annuity due remains the same
The present value of the annuity due exceeds the present value of the ordinary annuity, and the future value of an the annuity due also exceeds the future value of the ordinary annuity
The present value of the annuity due exceeds the present value of the ordinary annuity, while the future value of the annuity due is less than the future value of the ordinary annuity
The present value of the annuity due exceeds the present value of the ordinary annuity, and the future value of an the annuity due also exceeds the future value of the ordinary annuity
your father is about to retire, and he wants to buy an annuity that will provide him with $91,000 of income a year for 25 years, with the first payment coming immediately. The going rate on such annuities is 5.15%. How much would it cost him to buy the annuity today?
$1,482,167
$1,442,169
$1,472,927
$1,328,557
$1,328,557
Which of the following equations is correct?
Annuity due value = Ordinary annuity value x (1+i)
Annuity due value = Ordinary annuity value + (1+i)
Annuity due value = Ordinary annuity value / i
Annuity due value = Ordinary annuity value / (1+i)
Annuity due value = Ordinary annuity value x (1+i)
Which of the following statements is true?
The market for corporate stocks is thin compared to the market for corporate bonds
Institutional investors such as life insurance companies tend to not invest in corporate bonds
The largest investors in corporate bonds are small individual investors
Prices in the corporate bond market tend to be more volatile than prices of securities sold in markets with greater trading volume
Prices in the corporate bond market tend to be more volatile than prices of securities sold in markets with greater trading volume
Which of the following statements is true of zero-coupon bonds?
Zero coupon bonds have no coupon payments over its life and only offer a single payment at maturity
The most frequent and regular issuer of zero-coupon securities are non-governmental agencies
Zero coupon bonds tend to sell above their face value
Zero coupon bonds have a yield to maturity of 0%
Zero coupon bonds have no coupon payments over its life and only offer a single payment at maturity
Prices in the corporate bond market tend to be less volatile than prices of securities sold in markets with greater trading volumes
True
False
False
One reason why firms issue convertible bonds is that, the bonds can be sold for:
lower prices with higher interest rates
higher prices with higher interest rates
lower prices with lower interest rates
higher prices with lower interest rates
higher prices with lower interest rates
A client has expressed interest in a ten-year zero coupon bonds with a face value of $1,000. His opportunity cost is 7%. Assuming annual compounding, what would be the current market price of these bonds?
$700
$51
$508
$1,000
$508
University Corp. issued five-year bonds that pay a coupon of 6.5% semiannually with a face value of $1,000. The current market rate for similar bonds is 5.5%. How much will you be willing to pay for the bond today?
$958
$1,043
$1,023
$1,000
$1,043
Bonds sell at a discount when the market rate of interest is:
less than the bond’s coupon rate
greater than the bond’s coupon rate
equal to the bond’s coupon rate
there is no relation between the coupon rate and market rate of interest
greater than the bond’s coupon rate
Bonds sell at a premium when the market rate of interest is:
less than the bond’s coupon rate
greater than the bond’s coupon rate
equal to the bond’s coupon rate
there is no relation between the coupon rate and market rate of interest
less than the bond’s coupon rate
Highland Corp., a U.S. company has a five-year bond whose yield to maturity is 6.5%. The bond has no coupon payments. What is the price of this zero-coupon bond? (Assume semiannual compounding for these zero-coupon bonds.)
$927.83
$729.88
$726.27
$1,113.23
$726.27
The discount rate that makes the present value of a bond’s coupons and principal payment equal to its price is the:
holding period yield
effective annual yield
realized yield
yield to maturity
yield to maturity
Jenny LePlaz is looking to invest in a five-year bond that pays annual coupons of 6.25% and currently sells at $912.34. What is the current market yield on such bonds?
7.5%
8.5%
6.5%
9.5%
8.5%
Shawna Carter wants to invest her recent bonus in a four-year bond that pays a coupon of 11% semiannually. The bonds are selling at $962.13 today. If she buys this bond and holds it to maturity, what would be her yield?
11.8%
11.5%
12.5%
12.2%
12.2%
Five years ago, Shirley Harper bought a 10-year bond that pay 8% semiannually for $981.10. Today, she sold it for $1,067.22. What is the realized yield on her investment?
7%
11%
10%
8%
10%
Suppose an investor earned a semiannual yield of 6.4% on a bond paying coupons twice a year. What is the effective annual yield (EAY) on this investment?
12.80%
6.50%
13.21%
6.40%
13.21%
In regard to interest rate risk, short-term bonds:
and longer-term bonds have no interest rate risk because their coupon interest rates are fixed
have less interest rate risk than longer-term bonds
and longer-term bonds have the same amount of interest rate risk because their coupon interest rates are fixed
have more interest rate risk than longer-term bonds
have less interest rate risk than longer-term bonds
When interest rates change, the prices of lower-coupon bonds change less than the prices of higher-coupon bonds
True
False
False
What does interest rate risk refer to for bond investors?
The risk that interest rates will remain constant over time
The likelihood of bonds becoming callable early
The chance that bond prices will move when rates change
The probability that a bond will not pay its interest
The chance that bond prices will move when rates change
Why do long-term bonds generally exhibit greater interest rate risk than short-term bonds?
Their prices are more sensitive to interest rate changes due to longer cash flow durations
They are typically issued by risker companies and financially troubled municipalities
They pay higher coupons over their life compared to shorter-term bonds
They have fixed coupon rates that prevent price adjustments during the life of the bond
Their prices are more sensitive to interest rate changes due to longer cash flow durations
Which factor most increases a bond’s exposure to interest rate risk?
A longer time until maturity
More frequent interest payments
Higher credit quality of the issuer
Issuance by a well-known company
A longer time until maturity
Marketability is the ability of an investor:
to sell a security quickly, at a low transaction cost, and at a price close to its fair market value
to sell a security with the highest profit
to sell at a profit under all circumstances
to sell the security above its par value
to sell a security quickly, at a low transaction cost, and at a price close to its fair market value
The default risk premium is based on the probability that a bond issuer will not fulfill all of a bond’s contractual provisions.
True
False
True
If a corporate bond’s rating changes from AAA to AA, it means that its default risk has gone up.
True
False
True
Keys Corporation’s 5-year bonds yield 7.00%, and 5-year T-bonds yield 5.95%. The only difference between the two bonds, which are both extremely marketable and liquid is the chance of bankruptcy. What is the default risk premium (DRP) on Keys’ bonds?
1.00%
5.95%
2.00%
1.05%
1.05%
How does a call provision typically affect the yield on a bond?
It increases the bond’s yield to compensate investors for the call risk
It lowers the bond’s yield only if interest rates are expected to rise
It has no impact on the bond’s yield as long as market rates remain stable
It decreases the bond’s yield because of the added flexibility for the issuer
It increases the bond’s yield to compensate investors for the call risk
What does default risk refer to in the context of bonds?
The risk associated with bonds that have a cell provision
The likelihood that bond prices will fall if interest rates rise
The chance that bond prices will fluctuate due to market changes
The possibility that the bond issuer might not make the scheduled payments
The possibility that the bond issuer might not make the scheduled payments
The bonds that has no coupon payments but promise a single payment at maturity are called:
callable bonds
vanilla bonds
zero coupon bonds
convertible bonds
zero coupon bonds
Which one of the following statements is NOT true?
Corporate bonds are more marketable than the securities that have higher daily trading volumes
The largest investors in corporate bonds are life insurance companies and pension funds
Prices in the corporate bond market tend to be more volatile than the markets for stocks or money market securities
The market for corporate bonds is thin compared to the market for corporate stocks
Corporate bonds are more marketable than the securities that have higher daily trading volumes
Which one of the following statements about vanilla bonds is NOT true?
They have fixed coupon payments
The bond’s coupon rate is calculated as an annal coupon payment divided by the bond’s face value
Coupon payments are usually made quarterly
The face value, or par value, for most corporate bonds is $1,000
Coupon payments are usually made quarterly
Which of the following statements is true about zero coupon bonds?
They typically sell for a higher price than similar coupon bonds
They typically sell at a deep discount below par when they are first issued
They are always convertible to common stock
They typically sell at a premium over par when they are first issued
They typically sell at a deep discount below par when they are first issued
In calculating the current price of a bond paying semiannual coupons, one needs to:
use the semiannual rate only for discounting the annual coupons
use double the annual coupon value
use double the number of years for the number of payments made
use the annual discount rate for discounting the par payment at maturity
use double the number of years for the number of payments made
Briar Corp is issuing a 10-year bond with a coupon rate of 7%. The interest rate for similar bonds is currently 9%. Assuming annual payments, what is the present value of the bond?
$990
$1,066
$945
$872
$872
Kevin Rogers is interested in buying a five-year bond that pays a coupon of 10% on a semiannual basis. The current market rate for similar bonds is 8.8%. What should be the current price of this bond?
$1,048
$1,099
$965
$982
$1,048
Kevin Oh is planning to sell a bond that he owns. This bond has four years to maturity and pays a coupon of 10% on a semiannual basis. Similar bonds in the current market have a yield to maturity of 12%. What will be the price that he will get for his bond?
$938
$1,102
$970
$1,044
$938
Shana Norris wants to buy a five-year zero-coupon bonds with a face value of $1,000. Her yield to maturity is 8.5%. Assuming annual compounding, what would be the current market price of these bonds?
$890
$665
$1,023
$1,113
$665
Three years ago, Joe bought a 5-year bond, with a 10% coupon, for $1,000 and to be paid semiannually, Currently, with interest rates having risen sharply, the bond is selling for $800 and you decide to sell it off. If you had re-invested the semi-annual coupons as you received them, what would your realized yield be over the 3-year holding period?
10%
3.63%
6%
12%
3.63%
Which one of the following statements is true of a bond’s yield to maturity?
A bond’s yield to maturity is the same as the bond’s realized yield if the bond is held to maturity
If the yield to maturity is less than the coupon rate, the bond will sell above par value
The yield to maturity of a bond is the discount rate that makes the present value of the coupon and principal payments equal to the price of the bond
The yield to mature of a bond is the same as the coupon rate assuming the bond price is below par value
The yield to maturity of a bond is the discount rate that makes the present value of the coupon and principal payments equal to the price of the bond
Alice Trang is planning to buy a six-year bond that pays a coupon of 10% semiannually. Given the current price of $878.21, what is the yield to maturity on these bonds?
13%
12%
11%
14%
13%
Mary just bought a 20-year bond with an 8% coupon rate (paid semi-annually) and $1000 pay value for $1050. She is expecting an effective annual yield (EAY) of:
8.51%
7.65%
9.5%
10%
7.65%
Rachel McGovern bought a 10-year bond for $921.77 seven years ago. The bond pays a coupon of 15% semiannually. Today, the bond is priced at $961.22. If she sold the bond today, what would be her realized yield?
17%
18%
10%
9%
17%
Which of the following statements is true?
As interest rates decline, the prices of bonds rise and as interest rates rise, the prices of bonds decline
Long-term bonds have lower price volatility than short-term bonds of similar risk
All other things equal, short-term bonds are risker than long-term bonds
Interest rate risk decreases as maturity increases
As interest rates decline, the prices of bonds rise and as interest rates rise, the prices of bonds decline
Which of the following theorems explains the relationship between interest rates and bond prices?
For a given change in interest rates, the prices of short-term bonds will change more drastically than the prices of long-term bonds
Bond prices are directly related to interest rate movements
For a given change in interest rates, the prices of higher-coupon bonds will change more drastically than the prices of lower-coupon bonds
For a given change in interest rates, the prices of long-term bonds will change more drastically than the prices of short-term bonds
For a given change in interest rates, the prices of long-term bonds will change more drastically than the prices of short-term bonds
Which of the following statements is true?
U.S. Treasury bills have the largest and most active secondary market and are considered to be the most marketable of all debt securities
U.S. Treasury bonds are considered to be the most markable of all debt securities
The interest rate, or yield, on a security do not affect its marketability
The lower the transaction cost are, the less marketable a security becomes
U.S. Treasury bills have the largest and most active secondary market and are considered to be the most marketable of all debt securities
Which of the following classes of securities is likely to have the lowest corporate borrowing cost?
AAA rated bonds
A rated bonds
BB rated bonds
C rated bonds
All of the above will have the same corporate borrowing cost
AAA rated bonds
Marketability is the ability of an investor:
to sell the security above its par value
to sell at a profit under all circumstances
to sell at a security with the higher profit
to sell a security quickly, at a low transaction cost, and at a price close to its fair market value
to sell a security quickly, at a low transaction cost, and at a price close to its fair market value
A corporate bond’s coupon rate is the annual coupon payment divided by:
the bond’s current price
$100
the bond’s maturity period
the bond’s face value
the bond’s face value
If a bond’s coupon rate is equal to the market rate of interest, then the bond will sell:
at a price equal to its face value
at a price greater than its face value
at a price less than its face value
there is no relation between the coupon rate and market rate of interest
at a price equal to its face value