unit 6 - Eschatology

What is the paschal candle

A large candle that has an important role in a number of church services - particularly the easter vigil

Repesents the risen christ

Used to help celebrate in Jesus' ressurection

When does the easter vigil happen

Night before easter sunday

Give 2 other uses for the paschal candle other than the easter vigil

Baptisms and funerals

How is the paschal candle used in baptism

The baptised person is given a candle lit from the paschal candle which shows that they have been filled with the light of Christ.

How is paschal candle used in Funeral

Paschal candle is lit to show the deceased person has joined christ in the ressurected life

2 ways the features of the Paschal candle has significance

5 grains of incense represent 5 wounds Christ received during his crucifixion

Alpha + Omega show Christ is eternal

What do catholics believe will happen at the end of time

everyone will be ressurectted and judged by christ and it determines whether a person goes to heaven or hell for eternity

What does Michelangelo's last judgement painting depict

Judgement day at the end of time with the sheep on his right and goats on his left

How does the last judgement by michalangelo reflect catholic beliefs

Christ is central figure - judge of all

Wounds of Jesus are visible - Jesus came to glory through suffering

Sheep and Goats - Good vs evil - heaven vs Hell

Everyone apart from Jesus and Mary were naked (in original painting) - all people are equal in the eyes of God

What does it mean for catholics to believe in the ressurection of the body

the whole person, body and soul will be judged in God's presence

Why does the body need to be treated with respect even after death

Created by God

Temple of the Holy Spirit

Show respect to the dead

What are memorials

Areas built to honour and respet the dead

Explain the features and their significance of tombstones

RIP inscribed into tombstone - hope for person to be enjoying peace of eternal life

Catholic ones shaped like a cross - hope to be ressurected with Jesus

Angel carved onto it - Guardian Angel will present them to God to be judged

What is a monument

structure built to remember an important person or event such as saints

Explain features of monuments and their significance

Decorated coffins contained chi -ro symbol > shows belief in Jesus and eternal life with him

Used to be decorated with skeletons > Everyone will face death and judgment

What is a remembrance garden

An outside area where ashes of cremated people can be kept

Explain the features and significance of remembrance gardens

Areas of peace and beauty - represents heaven

Quiet and reflective spaces - helps mourn for loved one + feel close to them

What is eschatology

study of what will happen at the end of time

Why is Jesus' ressurectioon important for eschatology 

He is the only person who has been able to give some idea of life after death

Examples of cosmic disasters

Frightening, large scale events:

Sun darkening

Stars falling from heaven

What will happen after cosmic disasters

The son of man will come to judge the whole of creation

End of current world will lead to creation of new one

Reign of God will be established

What does 1 corinthians 15:42-44 say and show 

'what is raised is imperishable'

'If there is a physical body, there is a spiritual body'

Relationship between earthly and spiritual body

Different from one another - spritual body is eternal

What are the 4 last things

Death

Judgement

Heaven

Hell

What is purgatory

A process of cleasing, removing the effects of sin to help a person accept the full presence of God

2 Beliefs about Purgatory

When judged before God, many want to accept the offer of heaven

Process can be quickened with the help of prayers from those who are still alive

2 types of judgement after death

Particular

Final

Explain difference between particular and final judgement

Particular: Immediately after death - on a personal basis - results in heaven, hell or purgatory

Final: End of time, Christ judges all of creation, Reign of God is established

Other christian beliefs about the afterlife

• Many dont believe in purgatory but all people will go to heaven or hell

• Some believe judgement doesnt happen immediately after death

What does Luke 16:19-31 say

The parable of the rich man and lazarus

4 teachings shown in the parable of the rich man and lazarus

• Showing kindess to others will lead people to heaven otherwise you will go to hell

• Wealth can make it harder to fulfil the needs of others

• Hell is a place of torment eternally separated from God

• It is not possible to move between heaven and hell

What is cosmic reconcilliation

The idea that at the end of time the whole of creation will be reconciled (brought together in harmony) with God

2 things seen by the revelations of Julian of Norwich

'It was necessary that there should be sin'
'but all shall be well'

Fully describe the 4 steps of cosmic reconciliation

1. God the Father created the universe in harmony through Jesus 

2. Sin broke this harmony, throwing creation out of balance

3. Jesus destroyed sin and death through his death and resurrection which helped to restore harmony

4. Whole of creation will be fully restored at the end of time - whole universe will be reconciled with God

What do the revelations of Julian of Norwich show

• Humans have free will

• Sin will be defeated at the end of time

What does Lumen Gentium 48 say and show about the end of time

'we know not the day nor the hour' we must be prepared and follow Jesus' teachings
'through our faith' - keep faith in God to go to heaven

What does CCC 1037 say and show about the end of time

• 'to go to hell, a mortal sin is necessary' 

• - Do not commit mortal sins

• -Confess mortal sins and be truly sorry for it

What is the anointing of the sick

1 of the 7 sacraments. Given to a person who is seriously ill and may be facing death

What is the commendation of the dying

A short service that is held for a dying person

What do the last rites do

Give a sick/ dying person:

• Hope

• Strength

• Courage

• Forgiveness

Explain the actions their significance that occurs during the anointing of the sick

• Sprinkling of holy water - reminder of baptism

• Priest lays hand on head of patient calling the Holy Spirit - Gives peace and strength to resist temptation

• Person confesses sins to priest who forgives them - clear conscience

• Holy communion given - share in Christ's resurection

Actions and their significance in the commendation of the dying

• Person may hold crucifix - Sharing in Christ's death

• Dying person repeats promises from baptism - faith in God

• Bible reading said - Assures that word of God is with them

• person receives last holy communion - journey with Christ to new life

Explain 4 actions and their significance during the funeral rite

• Coffin placed beside lit paschal candle - light of Risen christ shining on them

• Priest holds mass - Centered around deceased person now in heaven and their sins are forgiven

• Holy water sprinkled over coffin - reminder of baptism

• Lord's Prayer is said after the burial/cremation - Returned to God (loving care)

What is a funeral

A ceremony to mourn a person who has died

What is sanctity of life

• All life is holy and sacred because it has been created by God

• So it should be respected and cared for until death

4 reasons why the Catholic church is against Euthanasia

• Only God has right to take away life

• It is murder and is unacceptable

• Suffering is a way to share in Jesus' suffering on the cross

• Lowers the value of life 

Other than being against Euthanasia what does the CC teach

A person who is close to death shouldn't receive treatment that will only prolong their suffering but has no other benefits

quote showing the last judgement

“the last judgment will take place at the end of the world at the second coming of christ”- youcat 163

quote showing memorials for the dead

quote Showing eschatology in life after death

quote showing the last four things

“heaven is the endless moment of love” you cat 158

“hell is the condition of everlasting separation from God” youcat 161

quote showing purgatory and judgement

“the lord looks at us full of love - and we experience burning shame and remorse” you cat 159

quote showing cosmic reconciliation

“since death came through a human being the resurrection of the dead has also come through a human being” corinthians 1

quote showing the church's teachings on the end of time

“since however we know not the day not the hour on our Lords advice we must be constantly vigilant” lumen gentian

“god predestined no one to go to hell” catechism

“the church for her weakness is a formidable bit of heaven on earth” you cat 123

quote showing the funeral rite

“ultimately we die in Christ so as to celebrate with him the feast of the resurrection”you cat 278

quote showing the career of the dying and euthanasia

“we without in any way hissing the hour of death should be able to accept it with full responsibility and dignity” declaration of euthanasia