Chapter 4 Vocabulary Review: Mitosis and Cell Cycle

Vocabulary flashcards covering cell division, mitosis, chromosome structures, and DNA components from Chapter 4.

Cell cycle

The life span of a cell that lasts from the time it is created until it is divided or dies off.

Interphase

Originally thought to be a time of rest for the cell, but actually one of the busiest times because of how much it has to grow and develop to prepare for cell division.

Autosomes

The first 44 chromosomes that are responsible for most traits.

Sex chromosomes

The last 2 chromosomes that are responsible for determining gender.

histones

Proteins that chromatin is coiled around.

Chromatin

A long strand of DNA that is coiled to create the chromosome structure.

centromeses

Central area that holds each sister chromatid to the other.

Sister chromatids

Each half of a chromosome.

Spindle fibers

Protein structures that will assist the cell in separating into sister chromatids.

Cleavage

Division of cells by creating an indention in the middle of the cell to produce 2 cells.

Cytokinesis

The division of the cytoplasm.

gametes

Reproductive cells.

Deoxyribose

Sugar located in DNA.

Phosphate group

Responsible for energy in DNA.

Nitrogenous bases

Connect nucleotides together to help create genes of DNA.

Cancer

Uncontrollable growth of cells.

Tumor

Abnormal growth of cells in a disorganized mass.