Geometry: Key Concepts in Angles, Lines, and Segments

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Last updated 12:34 AM on 9/21/26
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34 Terms

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PERPENDICULAR

Two lines that intersect at a 90° angle (right angle).

<p>Two lines that intersect at a 90° angle (right angle).</p>
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PERPENDICULAR BISECTOR

A line, segment, or ray perpendicular to a segment at its midpoint.

<p>A line, segment, or ray perpendicular to a segment at its midpoint.</p>
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PARALLEL LINES

Two lines that never intersect.

<p>Two lines that never intersect.</p>
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ANGLE

the intersection of two rays at an endpoint

<p>the intersection of two rays at an endpoint</p>
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VERTEX

The common endpoint of an angle where the two rays/side intersect.

<p>The common endpoint of an angle where the two rays/side intersect.</p>
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RIGHT ANGLE

An angle with a degree measure of 90°.

<p>An angle with a degree measure of 90°.</p>
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ACUTE ANGLE

An angle with a degree measure less than 90°.

<p>An angle with a degree measure less than 90°.</p>
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OBTUSE ANGLE

An angle with a degree measure greater than 90°.

<p>An angle with a degree measure greater than 90°.</p>
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STRAIGHT ANGLE

An angle with a degree measure of 180°.

<p>An angle with a degree measure of 180°.</p>
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CONGRUENT SEGMENTS

If two segments have the same length, then they are congruent.

<p>If two segments have the same length, then they are congruent.</p>
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SEGMENT ADDITION POSTULATE

If A, B, and C are collinear points and B is between A and C, then AB + BC = AC.

<p>If A, B, and C are collinear points and B is between A and C, then AB + BC = AC.</p>
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DISTANCE FORMULA

The formula used to find the distance between two points on a coordinate plane.

<p>The formula used to find the distance between two points on a coordinate plane.</p>
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MIDPOINT FORMULA

The formula used to find the midpoint between two endpoints: M = (x₁ + x₂)/2, (y₁ + y₂)/2.

<p>The formula used to find the midpoint between two endpoints: M = (x₁ + x₂)/2, (y₁ + y₂)/2.</p>
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SEGMENT BISECTOR

A segment, line, or plane that intersects a segment at its midpoint.

<p>A segment, line, or plane that intersects a segment at its midpoint.</p>
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DIRECTED LINE SEGMENT

A line segment with an associated direction.

<p>A line segment with an associated direction.</p>
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HORIZONTAL COMPONENT

The "run" of a directed line segment

<p>The "run" of a directed line segment</p>
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VERTICAL COMPONENT

The "rise" of a directed line segment

<p>The "rise" of a directed line segment</p>
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CONGRUENT ANGLES

Two angles that have the same measure are congruent.

<p>Two angles that have the same measure are congruent.</p>
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ADJACENT ANGLES

Two angles that share a common side and vertex. ("Next to" each other)

<p>Two angles that share a common side and vertex. ("Next to" each other)</p>
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ANGLE ADDITION POSTULATE

If ∠ABD and ∠DBC are adjacent, then ∠ABD + ∠DBC = ∠ABC.

<p>If ∠ABD and ∠DBC are adjacent, then ∠ABD + ∠DBC = ∠ABC.</p>
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ANGLE BISECTOR

A line or ray that divides an angle into two equal parts.

<p>A line or ray that divides an angle into two equal parts.</p>
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VERTICAL ANGLES

Two angles directly across from each other on intersecting lines.

<p>Two angles directly across from each other on intersecting lines.</p>
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COMPLEMENTARY ANGLES

Two angles with measures that sum to 90°. (Do not have to be adjacent)

<p>Two angles with measures that sum to 90°. (Do not have to be adjacent)</p>
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SUPPLEMENTARY ANGLES

Two angles whose measures sum to 180°. (Do not have to be adjacent)

<p>Two angles whose measures sum to 180°. (Do not have to be adjacent)</p>
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LINEAR PAIR

Adjacent angles that are supplementary and form a straight line.

<p>Adjacent angles that are supplementary and form a straight line.</p>
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POINT

A location with no size or shape

<p>A location with no size or shape</p>
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LINE

made up of points with no thickness or width

<p>made up of points with no thickness or width</p>
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LINE SEGMENT

A measurable part of a line consisting of two endpoints

<p>A measurable part of a line consisting of two endpoints</p>
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RAY

A line that extends indefinitely in one direction

<p>A line that extends indefinitely in one direction</p>
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PLANE

A flat surface made up of points that extends indefinitely in all directions

<p>A flat surface made up of points that extends indefinitely in all directions</p>
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NON-COLLINEAR POINTS

points that do not lie on the same line

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NON-COPLANAR POINTS

points that do not lie on the same plane

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COLLINEAR POINTS

Points that lie on the same line.

<p>Points that lie on the same line.</p>
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COPLANAR POINTS

Points that lie on the same plane.

<p>Points that lie on the same plane.</p>