Amendments

1st amendment

Freedom of religion, speech, the press, assembly and petition

14th amendment citizenship clause

Birthright citizenship! Born in USA, you have all the rights guaranteed in bill of rights. Nullified Dred Scott decision that black people can't be citizens.

14th amendment Privileges and Immunities Clause

States cannot override these federal citizenship guaranteed rights

14th amendment reg. Slaughterhouse cases decision of 1873

Supreme court rules that these rights states cannot violate only apply to those explicitly stated in the bill of rights. Allows states to pass discriminatory laws in Jim Crow South.

14th amendment Due Process and Equal Protection clause

State cannot deprive a citizen of life, liberty or property without due process of law, and this applies EQUALLY to all citizens. Brown v Board ruled that segregation violated THIS clause of equal protection.

2nd amendment

Right to keep and bear arms

3rd amendment

Protection against the forced quartering of soldiers in private homes

4th amendment

Protection against unreasonable search and seizure (WARRANTS)

5th amendment

Rights in criminal cases (double jeopardy, grand jury, self-incrimination, due process, eminent domain)

6th amendment

Right to fair and speedy public trial, impartial jury, legal counsel and to confront witnesses

7th amendment

Right to a jury trial in civil lawsuits

8th amendment

Protection against excessive bail, excessive fines, and cruel and unusual punishment

9th amendment

Protection of rights not explicitly listed in constitution

10th amendment

Powers not delegated to the federal govt are reserved for the states or the people

What is the bill of rights, what does it protect

The first 10 amendments, protect individual liberties from government abuse

13th amendment

Abolishes slavery and involuntary servitude (1865)

14th amendment

Defines national citizenship, guarantees due process, provides equal protection under the law

15th amendment

Prohibits denial of voting rights based on race, color, or previous condition of servitude

18th amendment

Prohibits manufacture sale and transportation of alcohol

19th amendment

Women's right to vote (1920)

21st amendment

Repeals Prohibiting amendment