ATC Surveillances

Radio detection device which provides information on range, azimuth and/or elevation of objects

Radar

Radar system in which minute portion of a radio pulse transmitted from a site is reflected by an object and then received back for processing

Primary Radar

What is Reflected Energy called

“echo” or “target”

What kind of equipment does primary radar require on a plane?

none

Four major components of a primary radar system

-Transmitter

-Atenna

-Receiver

-Radar Display

Generates a pulse of radio energy

Transmitter

Focuses and broadcasts radio energy

antenna

amplifies and converts the reflected energy into video

Reciever

Depicts the position and movement of objects that reflect radio energy

radar display

Radar system in which the object to be detected is fitted with cooperative equipment

Secondary Radar

Ground based transmitter

Interrogator

Receives the interrogator’s signals and automatically replies with the code assigned by ATC

Transponder

Where is the Transponder located

On the Aircraft

transponder replies and send them to the radar display

Decoder

Five components of secondary radar

• Interrogator

• Antenna

• Decoder

• transponder

• radar display

Pros of Secondary radar

-Its less vulnerable to blind spots

-it provides a longer range than primary radar

-radar responses are not degraded by weather or ground clutter

Cons of secondary Radar

• Only displays aircraft with transponders

• Does not provide weather information

Video Map Features

• Airspace Boundary

• NAVAID

• Airport

• Airway Intersection

• Obstruction

Characteristics of ADS-B

• ADS-B transponder

• Constellation of GPS satellites

• Network of ground Stations

• Broadcast communication link

Surveillance system in which an aircraft to be detected is fitted with a data link transmitter

Automatic Dependent Surveillance Broadcast (ADS-B)

How does ADS-B information reach ATC

GPS sends info to aircraft; aircraft sends info to ground stations; ground stations send info to ATC

Basic level of aircraft equipment that transmits an aircraft’s position, ground speed, and other data to air traffic controllers

ADS-B Out

Equipment allows aircraft, when equipped properly, to receive and interpret other participating aircraft’s ADS-B Out data on a computer screen

ADS-B In

Which feature does ADS-B In offer that ADS-B Out does not

Receives Position Information from other ADS-B Equipped aircraft

Provides distance of aircraft flying in a radar contact with controllers and within 15 NM radius, up to 3,500 ft above or below the receiving aircraft’s position

Traffic Information Service- Broadcast (TIS-B)