Pig Dissection Practical

Dorsal

Back

Ventral

Belly

Cranial/Anterior

Head

Caudal/Posterior

Tail

Auricle

External acoustic meatus

Prepuce orifice (male only)

Masseter muscle

Parotid gland

Epiglottis - Prevents food from entering the trachea during swallowing

Larynx - Produces sound (voicebox)

Thymus - Site of maturation of T-cell lymphocytes

Trachea

Glottis

Thyroid - Produces hormones necessary for development (T3 and T4)

Esophagus

Diaphragm - Muscle used for rib cage ventilation (inhale/exhale)

Lungs - Site of gas exchange between blood and atmosphere

Liver - Storage of glycogen, detoxification of blood, bile production

Umbilical vein - Carries blood from placenta to developing fetus

Umbilical arteries - Carry blood away from fetus to placenta

Gall Bladder - Storage and release of bile into the duodenum

Stomach - Acid and pepsin production, food storage, digestion

Spleen - Filters blood, recycles iron

Pyloric valve - Controls release of stomach contents to duodenum

Duodenum - Enzymatic breakdown of food

Jejuno-ilium - Absorption of digestion products

Pancreas - Makes hormones (Insulin/Glucagon) and digestive enzymes

Colon - Reabsorption of water from waste

Caecum

Rectum - Stores waste prior to defecation

Superficial

Close to the surface of the body

Deep

Further from the surface of the body

Distal

Point of a structure, usually on a limb, farthest from the midline

Distal = distant

Proximal

Point of a structure closest to the midline

Medial

The midline of the body or toward the midline of the body

Medial = middle/median

Lateral

Toward the sides of away from the midline of the body

Coronary arteries and veins - Carry blood to and from heart muscle

Right and left atria - Receive blood returning to heart

A before V

Right and left ventricles - Pump blood away from heart

vent = airs out, V after A

Cranial and caudal vena cava - Carry blood back to the right atrium

cava - carry

Pulmonary trunk - Carries deoxygenated blood from heart to lungs

trunk = tree = trees make oxygen, blood needs to move to lungs to get oxygen

Aorta - Carries blood from left ventricle to body

Kidneys - Filter wastes from blood, water balance

Adrenal gland - Stress response and water balance hormones

Ureter - Carries urine from kidneys to bladder

Urinary bladder - Storage of urine prior to excretion

Urethra - Tube through which urine is released

Urogenital opening - Opening through which urine and reproductive
fluid is excreted

Scrotum - Holds testes, maintains proper temperature

Male pig only

Testes - Testosterone and sperm production

Male pig only

Epididymis - Sperm storage and maturation

Outer “skin” of the testes

Male pig only

Ductus deferens - Transfers sperm to urethra from epididymis

Male pig only

Ovaries - Egg, estrogen, and progesterone production

Female pig only

Uterine tube - Site of fertilization

Female pig only

Body of the uterus - Implantation site of embryo

Female pig only