Behaviour Lecture 2

BIO115

Pineal Gland

Melatonin

Many organs

Biological clock

Pituitary Gland

FSH, LH, ADH, Growth hormone, Oxytocin, Prolactin

Ovaries, Kidneys, Uterus, Breast tissue, many others

Menstrual cycle, Osmoregulation, Growth and division, Birth contractions, Milk production

Thyroid Gland

Thyroxin

Liver

Metabolic rate

Adrenal Glands

Adrenaline, cortisol

Many organs

Fight or flight, anti-stress

Pancreas

Insulin, glucagon

Liver

Blood sugar levels

Ovaries

Oestrogen, progesterone

Uterus

Menstrual cycle

Testes

Testosterone

Many organs

Male characteristics

Testosterone

Primes for aggression

Behaviour feedback loop

How to test for hormones in wild animals

Via faecal or urine tests to see short term and long term hormone levels

Hormone levels in baboons through out the year

Faecal - decreases in winter

Urine - no change

Effects on hormones

Temperature, day length, environment, mating time

Sensory neurones

Sends off signals to the rest of the nervous system, physical or chemical

Dendrites

where impulses are created, branch off from neurons

Axon

Created impulses travel down the axon

Synapse

A connection from one neuron to another

Chemical sense

Taste, smell

Mechanical sense

Touch, pressure, vibration, sound

Electromagnetic sense

Sight

Olfactory bulb

Bigger the olfactory bulb, the better the sense of smell