HEALTH ASSESSMENT EXAM STUDY

What is primary prevention?

People are prevented from becoming sick or injured

What is an example of primary prevention?

Sanitization

What is secondary prevention?

Early detection before symptoms emerge

What is an example of secondary prevention?

Screening

What is tertiary prevention?

Prevention of complications when disease is present

What is an example of tertiary prevention?

Teaching about complications of diabetes

What is culturalism?

The process of assuming that people act in a particular way because of their culture

Health care providers need to be aware that clients have culturally based understandings, practices and be accommodated. What is the term for this?

Cultural sensitivity

Understanding your own personal and professional attitude and beliefs about health. What is the term for this?

Cultural competence

Takes social, economic, political and historical contexts of people into account. What is the term for this?

Cultural safety

What are 3 examples of biographical data?

1. Name

2. Address

3. Age

What is the mnemonic for pain assessment?

PQRSTU

In PQRSTU, what does the P stand for?

Provocative or palliative

n PQRSTU, what does the Q stand for?

Quality or quantity

n PQRSTU, what does the R stand for

Region or radiation

n PQRSTU, what does the S stand for

Severity

n PQRSTU, what does the T stand for?

Timing

n PQRSTU, what does the U stand for?

Understand patients perception

What is a method for interviewing adolescents?

HEEADSSS

In HEEADSSS, what does the H stand for?

Home environment

In HEEADSSS, what do the 2 E’s stand for? (Hint: 3 E’s)

Education and employment and eating

In HEEADSSS, what does the A stand for? (Hint: first word does not start with A)

Peer-related activities

In HEEADSSS, what does the D stand for?

Drug use (substances)

In HEEADSSS, what do the 3 S’s stand for?

1. Sexuality

2. Suicide or depression

3. Safety from injury and violence

What are the 20 review of systems to complete in an assessment?

1. Skin, hair and nails

2. Head

3. Eyes

4. Ears

5. Nose and sinuses

6. Mouth and throat

7. Neck

8. Breasts

9. Axilla

10. Respiratory system

11. Cardiovascular system

12. Peripheral vascular system

13. Gastrointestinal system

14. Urinary system

15. genital system

16. musculoskeletal system

17. Neurological system

18. Hematological system

19. Endocrine system

20. Sexual health

What percent of Canadians experience a diagnosed mental illness each year?

20%

what are the 6 LOC’s?

1. Alert

2. Lethargic

3. Obtunded

4. Stupor or semicoma

5. Coma

6. Acute confusional state (delirium)

What is the term of speech for the following statement? Interruption is usually sudden in the flow of thinking. Not due to failure to remember but a disruption in the flow of thought.

Blocking

What is the term of speech for the following statement? Usually presents an increased flow of speech and can also be louder to the point of being difficult to understand.

Pressure of speech

What is the term of speech for the following statement? Complete cessation of speech

Mutism

What is the term for the following phrase related to thought process? Clients speech digresses into many unnecessary and irrelevant details

Circumstantiality

What is the term for the following phrase related to thought process? Client starts to express a thought but diverts into other streams and never comes back to the original thought

Tangentiality

What is the term for the following phrase related to thought process? A sequence of very mixed thoughts

Word salad

What is the term for the following phrase related to thought process? Ideas are linked through sound, not related meanings

Clang associations

What is the term for the following phrase related to thought process? The combination of words created by the client that don’t necessarily have nay meaning for the listener

Neologisms

What is the term for the following phrase related to thought process? The client repeats the phrase or parts of a phrase the interviewer has said to them. Often this continues throughout conversation

Echolalia

What is the term for the following phrase related to thought process? Can be motor or verbal activities. The client will repetitiously emit the same response to different stimuli

Preservation

What is the term for the following phrase related to thought process? Continuous flow of accelerated speech that may go from idea to idea with no break in the flow.

Flight of ideas

What is the term for the following phrase related to thought process? Ideas that are not shared by other members of the persons culture or subculture

Delusional ideas

What is the term for the following phrase related to thought process? That one possesses greatness or special powers

Delusion of grandeur

What is the term for the following phrase related to thought process? Client believes they are being attacked, harassed, persecuted, cheated or conspired against.

Delusion of persecution

What is the term for the following phrase related to thought process? Client believes that external objects or people have a particular and unusual personal significance

Delusion of reference

What is the term for the following phrase related to thought process? Client feel they are controlled by an outside force

Delusion of control

What is the term for the following phrase related to thought process? Client will belittle themselves both internally and in the eyes of others making negative statements about oneself in regards to abilities

Delusion of self deprecation

What is the term for the following phrase related to thought process? A depressive delusion that self, part of self, part of body or other persons or the world has ceased to exist

Delusion of nihilism

What is the term for the following phrase related to thought process? Client believes they have a physical disease, disorder or physical defect when it has been ruled out

Delusion of somatic

What is the term for the following preoccupations? Recurrent, uncontrollable thoughts, images or impulses that a person considers unacceptable and alien

Obsessions

What is the term for the following preoccupations? Repetitive behaviours that a person feels driven to preform in order to produce or prevent some future state of affairs, even though it is unrealistic

Compulsions

What is the term for the following preoccupations? Persistent, irrational fears accompanied by an uncontrollable desire to avoid stimuli

Phobias

What are 4 types of hallucinations?

1. auditory

2. Visual

3. Tactile

4. Gustatory

What is the term for something that are similar to hallucinations but involve misperception of a real stimulus

Illusions

What is the term for feeling that the world or ones surroundings are not real (depersonalization)

Dissociations

What is the term for a persons sense of who they are based on their group

Social identity

What is the term for the distinct personality of an individual regarded as a persisting entity

Personal identity

What is the term for a feeling of pride in yourself and how a client may feel about themselves

Self-esteem

What is the term for the subjective concept of ones physical appearance based on self-observation

Body image

What is the term for a persons perceived control over his or her own behaviour. Those with an external locus of control tend to believe that real powers resides in forces outside themselves and determines their life

Locus of control

What is the term for threats against an individual can be in the form of negative consequences for his or her physical security, personal wealth and income or personal values and beliefs

Threats to sense of identity

What is Structural Violence?

Violence exerted by systems when their policies are discriminatory

What kind of violence is this an example of: a public office would have a policy that no one in the office is allowed to wear any kind of head covering.

Structural violence

What percent of all women have experienced some form of abuse?

50%

What percent of Canadian women are currently in abusive relationships?

7%

What is it called when one partner tries to assert control over the other

Intimate partner terrorism

What is it called when a victim of intimate partner terrrorism responds with violence?

Resistant violence

What are the 4 levels of sexual assault?

1. Forced sexual activity without physical injury

2. Sexual assault with a weapon

3. Sexual assault causing bodily harm

4. Aggravated sexual assault

What does aggravated sexual assault usually result in?

Serious injury

What does IPV stand for?

Intimate partner violence

What should all care for assessing IPV be?

Trauma and violence informed

What are the 4 assessment techniques in a clinical setting?

1. Inspection

2. Palpation

3. Percussion

4. Auscultation

What are 10 things you can assess using palpation?

1. Texture

2. Temperature

3. Moisture

4. Organ location/size

5. Swelling

6. Vibration or pulsation

7. Rigidity

8. Crepitation

9. lumps or masses

10. tenderness or pain

What are 4 tools you can use for inspection?

1. Otoscope

2. Ophthalmoscope

3. Speculum

4. Penlight

What are 5 characteristics of percussion notes?

1. Resonant

2. Hyperresonant

3. Tympany

4. Dull

5. Flat

What are 4 variations of percussion notes?

1. Amplitude

2. Pitch

3. Quality

4. Duration

What are the 4 different routes of temperature measurement?

1. Oral

2. Axillary

3. Rectal

4. Tympanic

What are the 3 sources of pain

1. Nociceptive

2. Neuropathic

3. Referred

What is nociceptive pain often caused by?

Tissue injury

Is nociceptive pain localized or generalized?

Localized

What is nociceptive pain usually described as?

Aching or throbbing

What is neuropathic pain often caused by?

Direct nerve trauma

What is neuropathic pain often described as?

Burning or shooting

What source of pain (out of 3) often originates in one location but is felt in another site?

Referred

What is the degree of balance between nutrient intake and nutrient requirements

Nutritional status

What is a recommendation about infant developmental considerations in the first 6 months

Breastfeeding

What is a recommendation about infant developmental considerations In terms of supplements

Vitamin D

What is a recommendation about infant developmental considerations In terms of when solid food should be introduced?

4-6 months

What is a recommendation about infant developmental considerations In terms of avoiding a product until 1 year of age

Cows milk

How do you calculate body mass index?

Weight / height

How do you calculate waist-hip ratio?

Waist circumference / hip circumference

What are 9 laboratory studies we can do to test for nutrition?

1. Hemoglobin

2. Hematocrit

3. Cholesterol

4. Triglycerides

5. Blood glucose

6. Total lymphocyte count

7. Skin testing

8. Serum proteins

9. Nitrogen balance

What are 3 types of serum proteins we can test for?

1. Serum albumin

2. Serum transferrin

3. Prealbumin

What are the 3 layers of skin?

1. Epidermis

2. Dermis

3. Subcutaneous

What are 2 developmental skin considerations in newborns

1. Lanugo

2. Vernix caseosa

What is lanugo?

Soft or fine type of body hair

What is vernix caseosa?

White and waxy biofilm that coats the skin

What is a developmental skin consideration in puberty?

Increased sweat gland secretions

What are 3 developmental skin considerations in pregnant women?

1. Linea nigra

2. Chloasma

3. Straiae gravidarum

What is linea nigra?

A dark vertical line down a women’s abdomen

What is chloasma?

Flat symmetrical patches of hyperpigmentation

What is straiae gravidarum?

Pregnancy stretch marks

What are 4 types of widespread colour changes to the skin?

1. Pallor

2. Erythema

3. Cyanosis

4. Jaundice