gov test 2

gag rule

list of things you can’t talk about especially slavery

executive orders

the president does something without congress permission

Unitary executive theory (1 way president tries to expand their power)

if you work for the gov you work for the president, tries to fire people that he actually has no control over

signing statements ( 1 way president tries to expand their power)

president tries to change a law after congress passes it

impoundment ( 1 way president tries to expand their power)

congress writes a bill, the president does not spend money appropriate by congress, spends less than they were told to

honeymoon period

tradition, tries to get along with president right after their elected, this is not a guarantee

Rally around the flag effect-

there is a crisis we turn the president to lead us, his popularity goes us

poison pill-

a law that will almost definitely pass in congress, but they add something crazy to the last page, meant to stop a popular law

rider

still trying to pass a law, they try to sneak something more contriver hoping they don’t see it and still pass the law

filibuster

a delay tactic to block or stall a vote on a bill or amendment, they just talk for hours

Johnson Treatment

1st- charm, being nice to persuade politicians into supporting him

2nd- gifts, buy people things to persuade them

3rd- bullying- invaded peoples personal space

Line Item Veto

allows an executive to cross out certain segments of a bill and only keep the parts they like. Governor has this power, the president does not.

where do most bills die?

committee

who did the founding fathers intend to elect senators?

state legislature owH

How does impeachment work and give specific example

The house accuses the president of a crime, the senate is where the trial takes place, they decide if you’re guilty or innocent, it takes a super majority for impeachment to work. Bill Clinton impeachment- He was impeached for lying under oath and trying to cover up an affair with Monica Lewinsky. The senate voted not guilty and he finished his presidential term.

Tell me about the vice president and what are his powers?

He breaks ties in the senate and will take place of the president if they die or are incapable of being president for any reason. The role they play is to supplement the president, if the president doesn’t like them they have nothing to do, if the president does like him they will give special tasks.

What are some ways congress can check the president?

Impeachment and money. President can’t spend money unless congress gives it to them, senate has to ratify big appointments

3 types of gerrymandering

Racial- you draw a map to try to eliminate a minority so its impossible for them to get elected

incumbent- they draw the map to elect the same candidate

Partisan- democrats draw a map to make sure republicans don’t win, republicans draw the map to make sure democrats don’t win, manipulate the map to elect the people you want to elect

what does it take to overturn a veto?

takes 2/3s of both houses of congress to overturn

doesn’t happen very often executive pree

executive privilege

right of executive officials to withhold info from the public/ congress or to refuse to appear before a legislative oversight committee. Idea is that it hurts foreign policy. Can’t use it to cover up crimes

Delegated powers

powers not found explicitly in the constitution but congress has surrendered to the president over time

ex. budgeting and accounting act- congress gave the president the power and responsibility to present

inherent powers

not specified in the constitution but just makes sense

ex. executive orders- not spelled out in the constitution but most agree as the Head of the Executive Branch, the president

Does the First Lady have any powers/ responsibilties

gets a $30 million budget

ex. school lunches, childhood bullying discharge petition D

discharge petition

forces a stalled bill out of committee and onto the floor of the House of Representatives for a cote without the approval of house leadership

Power of the purse

the president needs congress to appropriate money to fund programs ( though presidents do find creative ways to shift funds around sometimes) arguably congresses biggest strength

Plurality voting:

simple majority voting whoever gets the most votes wins. Pros- simple and straightforward

Runoff system-

if no candidate breaks 50% in the first round then there is a runoff. Pros- ensure that weird/radical candidates don’t slip through without 50% votes. Cons- expensive, prolongs campaigns, turnout likely to go down in round two

Rank Choice Voting

Voters rank their candidates by preference and if no one breaks 50% the candidate with the biggest coalition wins. Pros- “fairer” seems to produce more moderate consensus candidates. Cons- complex system may lead to lower turnout, seems to take longer to count ballots , and strategic voting may skew results.

Presidential powers

Direct powers- presidents can veto legislation, call congress into special emergency sessions

what skill does a successful speaker of the house need to have ?

be able to count votes , must also know if the bill they are bringing to the floor will pass

What does getting rolled refer to ?

a speaker bringing a bill up for a vote and losing. If this happens more than a few times the speaker will probably be replaced as this causes chaos and embarrassment for the majority party. Nancy Plessy (democrat) never got rolled. Current speaker Johns has gotten rolled over 100 times

Senate Majority Leader?

does not have a lot of power

basically only power they have is the calendar

pork projects

government funds directed by lawmakers to local or pet projects that mainly benefit their own constituents in exchange for political support

order of congress

President —> VP —→ Speaker of the house ;C

Closed Primaries

States with this system require people to formally register as members of a political party in order to participate in that parties primary

Semi Open Primaries

Independents who have not registered with a particular party can vote in either primary but registered democrats cannot vote in republican primary, vice versa

Open primaries

Ga, most the south use these, you are not required to register as a member of a party and on primary Election Day as long as you are a registered voter you can simply request a dem, republican, or libertarian ballot

Jungle/ all party primary

no such thing as party primaries all candidates for an office appear on the ballot regardless of party and if no candidate gets 50% a runoff is held at a later date (only few states use this system)

House of representatives

435 that represent each district,2 year terms, originates all revenue (tax and spending) bills and holds the sole power to impeach federal officials, must be 25 years old and citizen for 7 years

senate

100, two from each state, 6 year staggered terms, Confirms presidential nominations (cabinet members, federal judges, ambassadors), ratifies treaties by a two-thirds vote, and tries impeachment cases, must be 30 yrs old and citizen for 9 years