Health Science Theory: First Nine Weeks Cumulative Review

Vocabulary flashcards covering the key terms, historical figures, healthcare delivery models, financial concepts, and professional standards for the first nine weeks cumulative review.

Hippocrates

The Ancient Greek physician known as the 'Father of Medicine' who encouraged clinical observation and whose Hippocratic Oath connected medicine with ethical duties.

Aqueducts

Architectural water systems utilized in Ancient Rome that, alongside sanitation, advanced public health by improving living conditions for whole communities.

Andreas Vesalius

A Renaissance anatomist who used human dissection to correct inaccurate historical descriptions of human anatomy.

William Harvey

The physician who described how blood circulates through the human body, identifying the heart as a pump.

Edward Jenner

The key medical figure who discovered and developed the smallpox vaccination, transforming patient survival.

Acute care hospitals

Healthcare facilities designed to provide short-term care for severe, urgent, or immediate medical conditions.

Long-term care

Healthcare facilities or services designed to support individuals who have ongoing physical, medical, or daily living needs.

Ambulatory and outpatient centers

Healthcare facilities that deliver diagnostic, preventive, or treatment services without requiring an overnight hospital admission.

Home health

A healthcare service delivery model that brings medical treatments, therapies, and care directly into the patient's residence.

Hospice care

A specialized healthcare service that emphasizes comfort and quality of life for individuals near the end of life.

Medicare

A federal public health insurance program that covers individuals aged 65 and older as well as certain people with qualifying disabilities.

Medicaid

A joint federal and state public health insurance program providing healthcare coverage to eligible individuals with low income.

Premium

The regular, scheduled payment made to maintain health insurance coverage.

Deductible

The specified out-of-pocket amount that an insured individual must pay for covered services before insurance benefits begin paying.

Copay

A predetermined, fixed out-of-pocket fee that a patient pays for a specific covered medical service at the time of care.

Coinsurance

The designated percentage of a covered healthcare service cost that the patient is required to pay after meeting their deductible.

Diagnostic services

A healthcare career pathway encompassing tests and imaging procedures used to identify and evaluate diseases or injuries.

Therapeutic services

A healthcare career pathway centered on hands-on treatment, rehabilitation, and direct care to assist patient recovery over time.

Health informatics

A healthcare career pathway that manages accurate health data, medical records, and digital systems to guide patient and facility decisions.

Support services

A healthcare career pathway focused on maintaining clean, safe, and efficient physical environments and services that make direct care possible.

Biotechnology research and development

A healthcare career pathway applying scientific research to create and improve health-related products, pharmaceuticals, and methods.

Patient-centered care

A model of healthcare delivery that prioritizes the patient's personal values, preferences, and needs while engaging them in shared decision-making.

Teach-back method

A communication technique in which a clinician invites the patient to restate instructions in their own words to confirm clear understanding.

Informed consent

The process of providing understandable details about treatments, potential risks, benefits, and alternatives so a patient can make an autonomous decision or refuse care.

Confidentiality (HIPAA)

The legal standard safeguarding protected health information by permitting access and disclosure only to authorized individuals relevant to care.

Medical record

A legal, confidential paper or electronic health record documenting a patient's condition, treatments, and responses to support team communication and billing.

Scope of practice

The precise legal boundaries, procedures, and duties that a healthcare professional is trained, certified, and authorized to perform.

Autocratic leadership

A leadership style where the leader makes decisions independently with minimal team input, providing clear and fast direction.

Democratic leadership

A leadership style where the leader solicits discussion and shared decision-making from all team members.

Laissez-faire leadership

A hands-off leadership approach that grants independent, skilled team members wide autonomy to complete tasks within clear expectations.