plant cell structure and function

Cytoplasm

Jelly like substance where chemical reactions occur

Chloroplast

Contains chlorophyll, absorbs sunlight and uses it to produce food. (Photosynthesis). Makes sugar

Cell wall

Outer layer of plant cells made of cellulose support

Vacuole

Large storage organelle in plant cell filled with cell sap

Nucleus

Center of cell that holds/stores genetic material

Cell membrane

Barrier controlling entry and exit of molecules in cell

Mitochondria

“Powerhouse” of cell produces energy in form of ATP

Ribosomes

Synthesis of protein, super small/spread out throughout cell

Photosynthesis

Process in plants using light to produce energy

Cellulose

Chemical in plant cell walls providing strength

Cell sap

Fluid in vacuole aiding in maintaining cells shape

Microsomes/microbodies

Protein production. Microbodies break down fatty acids and detoxify and protect cells from harmful chemicals.

Smooth ER

Synthesis of lipids and carbohydrates

Rough ER

Has ribosomes to make/modify proteins

Plasmodesmata

Tiny channels that connect neighboring plant cells through their cell walls. Allows substances to move between neighboring cells. Helps cells send signals to one another. Allow water, nutrients, and small molecules to pass

Golgi apparatus

Packages in an vesicle, modifies and sorts proteins to send them where it needs to go

Nucleolus

Produces ribosomes