PSY 3217: Ch. 7 - Many Types of Memory

Recognition Memory

identification of a stimulus that was encountered earlier (MCQ)

Free Recall

the person must produce the item to be recalled without any prompt or cue

Cued Recall

the person must produce the item to be recalled (fill in blank)

Serial Position Curve

Murdoch, distinction between ST+LT mem. Read stimulus list, write down all words remembered

Primacy effect

gave more time to rehearse info, more likely to enter LTM.

Recency effect

stimuli still in STM

Context-dependent learning

a pattern of data in which materials learned in one setting r more likely to be remembered when in the same setting

Retrieval cue

external or internal stimuli that trigger recall of information from LTM

Spreading Activation

process through which concept activation travels from one node to another, via association. Nodes activate; it creates further activation

Proactive interference

older mems interfere w/ retrieving new mems (release occurs when current info is distinct from previous info)

Retroactive interference

newer memories interfere w/ retrieving older mems

Episodic memory

form of explicit mem, involves recollection of personal experiences, events, and contexts which they occurred (personal experience)

Semantic memory

form of explicit mem, stores general world knowledge, facts, concepts (general knowledge)

Autobiographical memory

Ppls memories for specific experiences from their own lives

Tulving said..

episodic involves mental time travel, semantic does NOT

KC

damaged hippocampus; no episodic mem, cant relive past events; semantic intact, remember info

Italian woman

suffered an attack of encephalitis, impaired semantic memory, can remember past events and create new event memories

Retrograde Amnesia

loss the ability to recall past events

Anterograde Amnesia

loss of the ability to form new memories

HM

Surgery Removed hippocampus

Retained STM but unable to transfer into to LTM

KF

Damaged Parietal Lobe: Impaired auditory STM, but able to form and hold new mems

Semanticization of remote memories

loss of episodic details for memories of long-ago events

Constructive Episodic Simulation Hypothesis

episodic memories are extracted + recombined to create simulations of future events, helps anticipate future needs, guide future behaviors

Implicit memory

occurs when learning from experience is not accompanied by conscious remembering

Procedural Memory

Skill–memory for actions, not being aware of how to do them

Priming

presentation of priming stimulus that changes a person’s response to test stimulus (pavlov)

Explicit Recall

recall as many words possible

Implicit Word Completion

present word stems that can be completed with a word from the list.

Perfect and Askew’s Propaganda effect

more likely to rate statements read or heard b4 being true, even when told they arent