Neurons and Neuroglia: Structure & Function

Describe the function of an astrocyte.

They are branched glial cells that nourish neurons and provide a barrier between nervous tissue and blood. Responsible for blood-brain barrier to protect against blood borne infections.

Describe the function of ependymal cell.

They line the ventricles of brain and serve as a barrier between the CSF fluid and nervous tissue.

Describe the function of oligodendrocytes.

Cells that produce myelin in the CNS and wrap around several neurons.

The brain belongs to what division of the nervous system?

CNS; Central nervous system

Spinal nerves belong to what division of the nervous system.

PNS; Peripheral nervous system

To which major division of the nervous system does the spinal cord belong?

CNS, central nervous system

Which division of the nervous system is dedicated to subconscious function?

Autonomic nervous system (ANS)

A neuron has three main parts. What are they?

axon, dendrite, and soma

In what part of the neuron is the nucleus found?

soma

What is another name for efferent neuron?

motor neuron

If a neuron has a soma with a dendrite on one side and an axon on the other, what kind of neuron is it?

bipolar neuron

Two adjacent neurons communicate with another across a space called?

synapse

In terms of function how are neuroglia different from neurons?

Neuroglia surround axons and send signals

In which one of the three nervous system divisions are neurolemmocytes located?

PNS

Myelin is made of what kind of material?

lipoprotein