BIO 102 Unit 2 Comparison Cards

Plasmogamy vs. karyogamy

Plasmogamy is cytoplasm fusion; karyogamy is nuclear fusion.

Ascomycota vs. Basidiomycota

Ascomycota produce sexual spores inside asci; Basidiomycota produce sexual spores on basidia.

Mycorrhiza vs. lichen

Mycorrhiza is a fungus-root association; a lichen is a fungus associated with an alga or cyanobacterium.

Gametophyte vs. sporophyte

The gametophyte is haploid and produces gametes; the sporophyte is diploid and produces spores by meiosis.

Moss vs. fern

Mosses are nonvascular and gametophyte-dominant; ferns are vascular and sporophyte-dominant.

Gymnosperm vs. angiosperm

Gymnosperms have seeds not enclosed in fruit; angiosperms produce flowers and seeds enclosed in fruits.

Monocot vs. eudicot

Monocots have one cotyledon; eudicots typically have two.

Pollination vs. fertilization

Pollination transfers pollen to a stigma; fertilization is the fusion of gametes.

Ovule vs. ovary

The ovule develops into a seed; the ovary usually develops into a fruit.

Seed vs. fruit

A seed contains the embryo and its food supply; a fruit develops from the ovary and helps protect or disperse seeds.

Primary vs. secondary growth

Primary growth increases plant length; secondary growth increases stem and root thickness.

Dermal vs. vascular vs. ground tissue

Dermal tissue protects; vascular tissue transports; ground tissue supports photosynthesis, storage, and support.

Xylem vs. phloem

Xylem transports water and minerals; phloem transports sugars and other organic nutrients.

Cohesion vs. adhesion

Cohesion is attraction between water molecules; adhesion is attraction between water and xylem walls.

Source vs. sink

A source supplies sugars to phloem; a sink uses or stores sugars.

Root pressure vs. cohesion-tension

Root pressure can push water upward; cohesion-tension pulls water upward as transpiration creates tension.

Macronutrients vs. micronutrients

Macronutrients are needed in relatively large amounts; micronutrients are needed in relatively small amounts.

Dehiscent vs. indehiscent fruit

A dehiscent dry fruit splits open at maturity; an indehiscent dry fruit does not.

Simple vs. aggregate vs. multiple fruit

Simple fruit develops from one ovary; aggregate fruit develops from multiple ovaries of one flower; multiple fruit develops from multiple flowers.