Exotic Animal, Equine, Bovine, and Avian Veterinary Review

Vocabulary practice flashcards covering exotic animals, avian biology, equine medicine, and bovine anatomy from VTNE review lecture notes.

Mus musculus

The scientific name for the mouse, weighing 30 grams with a 1-2 year lifespan, 4-5 day estrus cycle, and 21-day gestation.

Hypsodont

Refers to teeth having high crowns; in rodents, defined by a pair of continuously growing maxillary and mandibular incisors.

Bruce effect

An effect in mice where exposure to the scent of an unfamiliar male causes pregnancy block or termination.

Whitten effect

The synchronization of the estrus cycles in a group of female mice exposed to the pheromones of a male mouse.

Chromodacryorrhea

The secretion of red-pigmented or porphyrin tears from the Harderian lacrimal glands in rodents.

Rattus norvegicus

The scientific name for the rat, weighing 500 grams, living up to 3 years, and lacking a gallbladder.

Sialodacryoadenitis

A viral infection in rats caused by Coronavirus affecting the salivary and lacrimal glands.

Ringtail

A condition in rats characterized by tail lesions caused by low environmental humidity.

Mesocricetus auratus

The scientific name for the Syrian Hamster, weighing 85-130 grams with a 16-day gestation period.

Cavia porcellus

The scientific name for the Guinea Pig, weighing 1 kg, living 4-5 years, and featuring Y-shaped female genitalia.

Precocial

Offspring born in an advanced physical state, such as guinea pig pups, which can eat solids at birth.

Slobbers

The clinical term for dental malocclusion observed in guinea pigs.

Meriones unguiculatus

The scientific name for the Mongolian Gerbil, weighing 100g, prone to inherited seizures.

Oryctolagus cuniculus

The scientific name for the rabbit, a crepuscular lagomorph weighing 1-10 kg with a 30-day gestation period.

Peg teeth

The smaller second pair of upper incisors positioned directly behind the primary upper incisors in rabbits.

Cecotrophs

Soft nutrient-dense night feces ingested by rabbits via coprophagy to preserve intestinal flora and nutrition.

Macaca mulatta

The scientific name for the Rhesus Macaque, the most common non-human primate used in research, weighing 12-17 lbs.

Uropygial gland

An avian cutaneous gland that secretes preening oils for waterproofing and thermal insulation.

Cloaca

The common terminal chamber in birds receiving products from the digestive, urinary, and reproductive tracts.

Heterophils

Granulocytic white blood cells in avian and reptilian species that serve the functional equivalent of mammalian neutrophils.

Azurophils

A unique type of white blood cell specific to reptiles, function similar to a monocyte.

Poikilothermic

Organisms (such as reptiles) that rely directly on external environmental temperatures to regulate internal body heat.

Streptococcus equi

The bacterial pathogen causing Equine Strangles, manifesting with fever, nasal discharge, and submandibular/retropharyngeal lymph node abscesses.

Coggins test

A diagnostic serology test used to detect Equine Infectious Anemia in horses.

Laminitis

Inflammation of the sensitive laminae inside the equine hoof wall, which can result in rotation of the coffin bone.

Phenylbutazone ("Bute")

An NSAID used for musculoskeletal pain in horses; causes severe tissue necrosis and sloughing if administered extravascularly.

Flunixin ("Banamine")

An NSAID indicated for colic in horses and cattle; causes tissue necrosis and clostridial myositis if given IM.

Reticulum

The compartment of the ruminant stomach responsible for regurgitating ingesta during rumination.

Rumen

The largest compartment of the ruminant stomach functioning as the primary fermentation vat.

Omasum

The third compartment of the ruminant stomach that squeezes fluid out of digested ingesta.

Abomasum

The fourth compartment of the ruminant stomach, known as the true or glandular stomach.

California Mastitis Test (CMT)

A rapid cow-side diagnostic test used for the early detection and screening of bovine mastitis.