Salvation

Where do we see atonement in Scripture?

• Levitical law of sacrifice

• day of atonement (cleansing sins of people by using scapegoat)

What is limited atonement?

Belief that says atonement is only for some people or it only covers some sin.

Theories of atonement

• ransom theory (Christ’s death liberates humanity from Satan’s captivity)

• satisfaction theory (The atonement is a satisfaction of a debt owed to God because of sin)

• moral influence theory (Christ was just demonstrating His love for mankind, not accomplishing atonement)

• example theory (death shows supreme example of faithfulness to God)

• christus victor theory (cross was Christ conquering the forces that keep man in bondange)

• penitential substitution theory (Christ offers a perfect life that provides God what He is owed after mankind’s sin)

• penal substitution theory (Legal reality; Christ bears the punishment the sinner deserves)

What should be our primary view?

Penal substitution, but it’s important to recognize that Scripture hints at more than one theory

General atonement view

• The atonement is offered and intended to be provided to all, without exception.

• the atonement isn’t applied universally, but its application is reserved for those who respond in faith

• The penalty has been paid, but one must accept the gift

Justification

• The believer is set free from the penalty of sin

• Romans 8

Romans 3:23-26

for all have sinned and fall short of the glory of God, ²⁴ and are justified by his grace as a gift, through the redemption that is in Christ Jesus, ²⁵ whom God put forward as a propitiation by his blood, to be received by faith. This was to show God's righteousness, because in his divine forbearance he had passed over former sins. ²⁶ It was to show his righteousness at the present time, so that he might be just and the justifier of the one who has faith in Jesus.

Romans 8:1-4

 There is therefore now no condemnation for those who are in Christ Jesus.^{[a] 2} For the law of the Spirit of life has set you^[b] free in Christ Jesus from the law of sin and death. ³ For God has done what the law, weakened by the flesh, could not do. By sending his own Son in the likeness of sinful flesh and for sin,^[c] he condemned sin in the flesh, ⁴ in order that the righteous requirement of the law might be fulfilled in us, who walk not according to the flesh but according to the Spirit.

Sanctification

• Set free from the power of sin in your life today

• Romans 8- set free from the law of sin and death by the law of the Spirit

• Set free from domain of darkness and transferred to another kingdom

Glorification

• set free from the presence of sin forever

• romans 8- creation groaning in anticipation of the redemption of our bodies and adoption as sons

Ephesians 1

it was God’s plan before the fulness of time to unite all things in Jesus

2 Peter 3:9

⁹ The Lord is not slow to fulfill his promise as some count slowness, but is patient toward you,^[a] not wishing that any should perish, but that all should reach repentance.

Matt 20:28

²⁸ even as the Son of Man came not to be served but to serve, and to give his life as a ransom for many.”

Matthew 26:26-28

²⁶ Now as they were eating, Jesus took bread, and after blessing it broke it and gave it to the disciples, and said, “Take, eat; this is my body.” ²⁷ And he took a cup, and when he had given thanks he gave it to them, saying, “Drink of it, all of you, ²⁸ for this is my blood of the^[a] covenant, which is poured out for many for the forgiveness of sins.

1 Cor 6:20

We were bought with a price

Eph 1:7

⁷ In him we have redemption through his blood, the forgiveness of our trespasses, according to the riches of his grace,

1 Tim 2:6

Jesus gave Himself as a ransom for all

Titus 2:14

¹⁴ who gave himself for us to redeem us from all lawlessness and to purify for himself a people for his own possession who are zealous for good works.

Heb 9:12-15

he entered once for all into the holy places, not by means of the blood of goats and calves but by means of his own blood, thus securing an eternal redemption. ¹³ For if the blood of goats and bulls, and the sprinkling of defiled persons with the ashes of a heifer, sanctify^[b] for the purification of the flesh, ¹⁴ how much more will the blood of Christ, who through the eternal Spirit offered himself without blemish to God, purify our^[c] conscience from dead works to serve the living God.

¹⁵ Therefore he is the mediator of a new covenant, so that those who are called may receive the promised eternal inheritance, since a death has occurred that redeems them from the transgressions committed under the first covenant.^[d]

1 Peter 1:18-19

¹⁸ knowing that you were ransomed from the futile ways inherited from your forefathers, not with perishable things such as silver or gold, ¹⁹ but with the precious blood of Christ, like that of a lamb without blemish or spot.

Romans 5:6-11

⁶ For while we were still weak, at the right time Christ died for the ungodly. ⁷ For one will scarcely die for a righteous person—though perhaps for a good person one would dare even to die— ⁸ but God shows his love for us in that while we were still sinners, Christ died for us. ⁹ Since, therefore, we have now been justified by his blood, much more shall we be saved by him from the wrath of God. ¹⁰ For if while we were enemies we were reconciled to God by the death of his Son, much more, now that we are reconciled, shall we be saved by his life. ¹¹ More than that, we also rejoice in God through our Lord Jesus Christ, through whom we have now received reconciliation.

Christ died for all

1 Cor 5:15

2 Cor 5:18-19

All this is from God, who through Christ reconciled us to himself and gave us the ministry of reconciliation; ¹⁹ that is, in Christ God was reconciling^[b] the world to himself, not counting their trespasses against them, and entrusting to us the message of reconciliation.

Colossians 1:19-22

¹⁹ For in him all the fullness of God was pleased to dwell, ²⁰ and through him to reconcile to himself all things, whether on earth or in heaven, making peace by the blood of his cross.

²¹ And you, who once were alienated and hostile in mind, doing evil deeds, ²² he has now reconciled in his body of flesh by his death, in order to present you holy and blameless and above reproach before him,