MicroBiology Quiz 5 (auburn, Robert Miller)

Psycrophiles

optimal growth between -5°C and 20°C. These bacteria can be found in the icy waters of theArctic and the Antarctic.

Mesophiles

optimal growth between 20°C and 50°C. Most bacteria fall in to this category.

Thermophiles

optimal growth between 50°C and 80°C. Bacteria in this category occur in soils

Hyperthermophiles

optimal growth is above 80°C. These organisms have been isolate from thermal vents deep within the ocean floor and from volcanic heated hot springs

Psychotrophs

cause food spoilage, Listeria monocytogenes and Campylobacter, foodborne pathogens, can also grow at 4°C.These bacteria are

prodigiosin

antibiotic that has been tested in clinical trials for the treatment of pancreatic cancer, It produces a red pigment

Obligate () Aerobe:

Bacteria in this subgroup must grow in oxygen because their metabolism requires oxygen, xamples are Pseudomonas, Micrococcus, and many Bacillus.e

Microaerophiles

Aerobic bacteria that prefer 2-10% oxygen rather than the 21% found in the atmosphere aremicroaerophiles. The lower oxygen concentration is necessary for their respiratory metabolism.

Facultative Anaerobes:

This group of bacteria grows well in aerobic conditions, but can also grow anaerobically when oxygen is not available, can produce by respiration or fermentation

obligate anaerobe

harmed or killed by oxygen, carry out fermentation

aerotolerant anaerobes

tolerate oxygen and grow in its presence, but they do not require oxygen for energy production. They use only fermentation to produce energy.

Catalase

degrades hydrogen peroxide to oxygen and water

Peroxide

degrades hydrogen peroixide

Superoxide Dismutase

Superoxides are converted to oxygen and hydrogen peroxide

Resaruzin

STM is composed of glucose, cystine, and sodium thioglycollate to reduce its oxidation/reduction potential. It contains a dye, This dye turns pink in the presence of oxygen. OXYGEN INDICATOR

Antibiotics

Antimicrobials, usually of low molecular weight, are produced by microorganisms that inhibit or kill other microorganisms. Examples are penicillin and streptomycin.

semi-synthetics

antibiotics are chemically altered to make them more effective in their mode of action.

synthetics

chemically synthesized in the laboratory and are not produced by microbial biosynthesis.

Antiseptics

substances such as alcohol or betadine that inhibit microbial growth or kill microorganisms andare gentle enough to be applied to living tissue

Disinfectants

chemical agents that are applied to inanimate objects such as floors, walls, and tabletops to kill microorganisms

Sanitizers

Agents that reducemicrobial numbers to a safe level but do not completely eliminate all microbes

Bacteriostatic

only inhibits the growth of bacterial cells but does not kill them

Bacteriocidal

agents that kill bacterial cells