Plant transport and respones
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31 Terms
Transpiration Stream
It is the continuous flow of water from the roots to the leaves
Transpiration
It is the loss of water from a plant
Factors affecting transpiration
Temperature, light intensity, CO2 concentration, humidity, wind speed and number of stomata
Light intensity
Humidity
Wind Speed
CO2 concentration
Leaf surface area
Guard cells
They are crescent shaped cells that actively control the size of stomata
Turgid
It describes cells that contain lots of water and are firm
Flaccid
It describes cells that contain little water and are not firm
Osmotic pressure
It is the upwards movement of water caused by the movement of water into xylem vessels
Capillary action
It is the movement of water upwards in tiny tubes against the force of gravity
Adhesion
It is the ability of water to stick to surfaces
Transpiration pull
It is a pulling force caused by water's great cohesion that draws water up through a plant
Transport proteins
They move materials across biological membranes and are involved in active transport
Plant gas exchange
It is the diffusion of carbon dioxide and oxygen through stomata or lenticels
Translocation
It is the process in which food molecules are transported from one part of a plant to another
Sources
They are the cells in a plant where excess foods are produced
Sinks
They are the cells in a plant where excess foods are moved and stored
Example of a modified bud/leaf
An onion
Example of a modified stems
A potato
Example of a modified root
A carrot
Stimulus
It is an internal or external detectable change which prompts a response in a living thing
Tropism
It is a directional growth response in a plant to a stimulus
Geotropism
It is the growth response to gravity
Phototropism
It is the growth response to a light source
Thigmotropism
It is the growth response to touch or contact
Plant growth regulators
It is a chemical messenger produced in small amounts that affect a plants growth development
Ethylene
It is a gas produced by ripening fruits
Alkaloids
They are chemicals produced by plants to protect them from predators and to control their growth