TYPES OF FLASH PHOTOGRAPHY

On-camera flash

flash on the camera or held close to the camera with a bracket provides a direct light. Because it puts the maximum level of light on the subject. The downside is that it creates harsh shadows of subjects with rear background, and reflections from a shiny spot in the background

Ring flash

this is a round or circular flash unit usually placed around the outer end of the camera lens. This is used for taking close-up or macro photography.

Off-camera flash

with this unit the flash can be moved away from the camera at arm's length or more when the flash unit is used in this manner, the photographer can improve the effectiveness of the flash lighting like

Multiple flashes

more than one flash unit is used, one is connected to the camera with a flash cord while the other is attached to a slave unit

Fill-in flash

when you want to eliminate or add illumination to shadow areas or subjects to emphasize detail that otherwise will not appear clearly in the final picture.

Open flash (painting with light)

the shutter is set at "B" and once the shutter is open, the flash is activated or forced released manually. Then the shutter is released or is closed. Painting with light is accomplished by opening the camera's shutter for an extended period of time while a light source is moved around until the entire scene is properly illuminated.

Bounce flash

Instead of the light going directly to the subject it is bounced on light colored ceilings or walls near the subject, and also diminish or reduce harsh shadow

walls cast by the subject.