Unit 2 Image Identification & Eval

PA Digits 2-5 Eval

• Open IP and MCP Joint spaces

• Equal concavity on both sides of the phalangeal bodies

• No soft tissue overlap from adjacent digits

PA Oblique Digits 2-5 Eval

• Open IP and MCP Joint spaces

• Digit rotated at 45 degrees, demonstrated by concavity of the elevated side of the phalangeal bodies

• Bony trabecular detail and surrounding soft tissues

Lateral Digits 2-5 Eval

• Concave, anterior surfaces of the phalanges

• Open IP joint spaces

• No superimposition of the proximal phalanx or MCP joint by adjacent digits

AP Thumb Eval

• Area from the distal tip of the thumb to the trapezium

• Concavity of the phalangeal and metacarpal bodies

• Open IP and MCP joint spaces without overlap of bones

PA Oblique Thumb Eval

• Area from the distal tip of the thumb to the trapezium

• Proper rotation demonstrated by concave surface of elevated side of the proximal phalanx and metacarpal

• Open IP and MCP joint spaces

Lateral Thumb

• Area from the distal tip of the thumb to the trapezium

• Open IP and MCP joint spaces

• Concave anterior surface of the proximal phalanx and metacarpal

PA Hand Eval

• Anatomy from fingertips to distal radius and ulna

• Slightly separate digits with no soft tissue overlap

• Open MCP and IP joints, indicating that the hand is placed flat on the IR

PA Oblique Hand

• Anatomy from fingertips to distal radius and ulna

• Slightly separate digits with no soft tissue overlap

• Partial superimposition of the 3rd, 4th, and 5th metacarpal bases and heads

Lateral Hand Eval

• Anatomy from fingertips to distal radius and ulna

• Extended digits

• Superimposed metacarpals

PA Wrist Eval

• Distal radius and ulna, carpals, and proximal half of metacarpals

• No excessive flexion of digits to overlap and obscure metacarpals

• Open radioulnar joint space

PA Oblique Wrist Eval

• Distal radius and ulna, carpals, and proximal half of metacarpals

• Slight overlap of the distal radius and ulna

• Trapezium and distal half of scaphoid without superimposition

Lateral Wrist Eval

• Distal radius and ulna, carpals, and proximal half of metacarpals

• Superimposed distal radius and ulna

• Superimposed metacarpals

PA Wrist/Scaphoid Ulnar Deviation Eval

• Distal radius and ulna, carpals, and proximal half of metacarpals

• Scaphoid with adjacent articulations open

• No rotation of wrist

PA Axial Scaphoid Stecher Eval

• Distal radius and ulna, carpals, and proximal half of metacarpals

• Scaphoid with adjacent articulations open

• No rotation of wrist

TANGENTIAL INFEROSUPERIOR CARPAL CANAL

GAYNOR-HART METHOD

• Carpals in an arch arrangement

• Pisiform in profile and free of superimposition

• Hamulus of hamate

AP Forearm

• Entire forearm, including wrist and distal humerus

• Open radioulnar space

• Slight superimposition of the radial head, neck, and tuberosity over the proximal ulna

Lateral Forearm Eval

• Entire forearm, including wrist and distal humerus in a true lateral position

• Radial tuberosity facing anteriorly

• Elbow flexed 90 degrees

AP Elbow Eval

• Open humeroradial joint

• No rotation of humeral epicondyles

• Radial head, neck, and tuberosity slightly superimposed over proximal ulna

Lateral Elbow Eval

• Elbow in a true lateral demonstrated by superimposed humeral epicondyles

• Elbow flexed 90 degrees

• Radial tuberosity facing anteriorly

AP Oblique Elbow Medial (Internal) Rotation Eval

• 45 degree medial rotation of elbow demonstrated by coronoid process in profile

• Elbow joint centered to exposure field

• Olecranon process within the olecranon fossa

AP Oblique Elbow Lateral (external) Rotation Eval

• 45 degree lateral rotation of elbow demonstrated by the radial head, neck, and tuberosity projected free of the ulna

• Elbow joint centered to exposure field

• Capitulum visible

AP Elbow: Distal Humerus Partial Flexion

• Closed elbow joint

• Distal humerus without rotation or distortion

• Greatly foreshortened proximal forearm

AP Elbow: Proximal Forearm Partial Flexion

• Partially open elbow joint

• Foreshortened distal humerus

• Proximal radius and ulna w/o rotation or distortion

AP Elbow: Distal Humerus Acute Flexion

• Forearm and humerus superimposed w/o rotation

• Olecranon process and distal humerus

PA Elbow: Proximal Forearm Acute Flexion

• Forearm and humerus superimposed w/o rotation

  • Proximal radius and ulna

Axiolateral Elbow Coyle Method: Radial Head

• Open joint space between radial head and capitulum

• Radial tuberosity facing posteriorly

• Elbow flexed 90 degrees

Axiolateral Elbow Coyle Method: Coronoid Process

• Open joint space netween coronoid process and trochlea

• Coronoid process in profile and elongated

• Elbow flexed 80 degrees

AP Humerus

• Humeral epicondyles without rotation

• Humeral head and greater tubercle in profile

• Elbow and shoulder joints visible but slightly distorted due to beam divergence

Lateral Humerus

• Superimposed humeral epicondyles

• Greater tubercle superimposed over the humeral head

• Lesser tubercle in profile on medial aspect