Dental Disease

abnormalities of incisors

retained deciduous teeth

fractures

displacement

EORTH

wry nose

diastema

parrot/ sow mouth

what cheek teeth issue are there

• retained deciduous caps

• diastema and periodontal disease

• caries

• loose teeth

• pulp exposure

retained deciduous teeth

-easy to remove and must come out

-cause gap between adult incisors

-radiographs if cannot distinguish between adult and deciduous tooth

fractures or displacement of incisors

-often traumatic or assoc with concurrent bone injury

-may need extraction

-jaw may be fractured

possibility for fixing fractured or displaced incisors

-wire back into place and stabilise

-x rays always necessary→ fractureed jaaw?

parrot/ sow mouth

Over or under shot jaw

parrot/sow mouth treatment

-incisors don't normally need treatment unless impinge on soft tissue

-often secondary cheek teeth issue

-correct as foal with surgery

wry nose

Condition in which the nasal bone is grossly twisted causing reduced air flow along with parrot/sow mouth

equine odontoclastic tooth resoprtion and hypercementosis EOTRH

-older horses

-causes resorption of roots +/- cement deposition, teeth become loose and painful

treatment for EOTRH

x ray and extraction

-feed toothless diet and put on grass so can use gums

differential for EOTRH

diastemata

diastemata

-relatively common

-gaps develop between teeth usually age related

-food easily picked out and keep clean with toothbrush

incisor fractures

-mostly trauma

-assoc with concurrent bone injury

diagnostics for incisor fractures

-radiographs always and do not place speculum

treatment of incisor fractures

-referral indicated (for wiring +/- perform endodontic procedures on fractured teeth)

how many deciduous teeth shed

12

retained deciduous caps on cheek teeth

-have full mouth of teeth by age 5

-fragments common

-remove if loose or obvs causing disease

-food packing common

diastemata and peridontal disease of cheek teeth

-abnormal gaps between teeth

-causes very painful gum/peridontal disease

-always check opposing transverse ridge

why should cheek teeth be tightly packed

to form one grinding unit

why check opposing transverse ridges with diastemata

drives food between gaps

prevention of peridontal disease with diastemata of cheek teeth

flush out with high power garden hose

treatment of diastemata

-challenging→ usually management

-balance mouth by removing sharp points and excessive ridges

-flush out or pick food

-pack with putty?

-widen?

-remove teeth

-remove tooth/teeth?

how often should diastemata be checked over

every 3 months esp at worst point

caries of cheek teeth types

-peripheral (surrounding edges of teeth)

-infundibular (centre of upper cheek teeth)

what can cause caries of cheek teeth

acidogenic bacteria cause erosion to cement (and enamel/dentine if progress)

infundibular caries

-upper only

-maybe linked to tooth development

-lead to tooth fracture

-graded 1-5

• identifying earlier= better

• 5→ fracture

treatment of infundibular caries

-fill affected teeth

-remove from occlusion if referral not option

loose cheek teeth

-occur with advanced peridontal disease

teeth shorter

-must remove or extract

-round edges so does not impinge on soft tissue

-flush out packed food

-ongoing management

pulp exposure of cheek teeth causes

-endodontic disease or irreversible pulpitis

-iatrogenic

endodontic disease, irreversible pulpitis

-oral exam reveals defect in secondary dentine

-radiograph and referral

iatrogenic cause of pulp exposure

overzealous rasping resulting in pulper exposure. identifiable as pink defect on occlusal surfac. can cause inappetance.

-prompt treatment and referral endodontics