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Goal
Oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate to become Acetyl-CoA
E1
Pyruvate Dehydrogenase
E2
Dihydrolipoyl transacetylase
E3
dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase
Prosthetic Groups
TPP, lipoyllysine, FAD
Co-subtrates
NAD+ and CoA-SH
Substrate channeling
keeps intermediates on surface, keeps local substrate concentration high, and prevents theft of active acetyl group
Vitamin B1
TPP
Vitamin B3
NAD+
Vitamin B5
pantothenic acid (in CoA)