Maternal and Fetal Health Overview: Pregnancy Stages, Assessment, and Physiological Changes

Fetus

The term derived from Latin meaning 'little one,' used to describe the developing baby starting around 11 to 12 weeks of gestation.

Folic Acid

A mineral/vitamin nutrient recommended at a daily dose of $400$ mics for individuals who are pregnant or planning to become pregnant to prevent neural tube defects.

Quickening

The initial maternal perception of fetal movements, which is typically not felt until around 18 weeks of gestation in a first pregnancy.

Incompetent Cervix

A condition generally identified in the second trimester where the cervix prematurely dilates under increasing fetal weight, potentially resulting in early delivery.

Viability

The capability of a fetus to survive outside the womb, generally recognized around 24 weeks of gestation with an estimated survival rate between $42\%$ and $70\%$.

Tdap Vaccine

An immunization recommended during the third trimester to provide passive immunity to the infant against tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis (whooping cough).

Nagel's Rule

A clinical calculation used to estimate the date of confinement or delivery by subtracting 3 months from the first day of the last menstrual period, adding 7 days, and adjusting the year.

Antepartum

The healthcare period and nursing care provided during the course of pregnancy prior to delivery.

Postpartum

The medical phase and period of recovery for the client immediately following the delivery of the baby.

Vitamin