Prophets exam
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What are the five major functions of the historical books?
theological, doxological, didactic, aesthetic, and entertainment
what is the theological function of the historical books?
to interpret history in light of the reality of God
what is the doxological function?
to offer praise to God and encourage the community to do the same
what is the didactic function?
to teach ethical behavior and show that obedience is good
what is the aesthetic function?
to communicate truth through literary beauty and imagery
what is the entertainment function
to provide engaging stories that people enjoy reading
where is joshua first mentioned?
Exodus 17:8-16
what role did Joshua have before becoming Israel’s leader?
military leader, assistant to Moses, and attendant at the Tent of Meeting
What are the four major sections of Joshua?
entering the land (1-4), Taking the land (5-12), dividing the land (13-21), renewing the covenant (22-24)
what is the theological heart of Joshua?
the fulfillment of God’s covenant promise concerning the land
what does lakad mean?
to take or capture
what does yarash mean?
to possess or permanently settle
how is Joshua characterized?
success militarily
how is judges characterized in contrast to Joshua?
failure theologically
what passage highlights the fulfillment of the land promise?
Joshua 21:43-45
what is the main theme of Judges?
Israel’s repeated apostasy, oppression, deliverance, and decline
what famous phrase summarizes Judges?
everyone did what was right in their own eyes
who drove a tent peg through Sisera’s temple?
Jael
what does Judges 2:11-13 descrive?
Israel’s apostasy and falling away from God
what does judges 2:16 emphasize?
God’s inexplicable grace in raising up judges
What two kinds of chaos dominate Judges 17-21?
religious and moral chaos
Which book anticipates the solution to the chaos of Judges?
1 samuel
what major institution does Samuel introduce?
kingship
what is the king of Israel often called?
the covenant mediator
during whose reign was the book of the law recovered?
Josiah’s
according to 2 Samuel 7, who wanted to build the Temple?
David
who did God say would build the temple instead?
solomon
what does david’s prayer in 2 samuel 7 reveal about God?
God is sovereign, incomparable, trustworthy, and gracious
what does David call himself in 2 Samuel 7?
God’s servant
what is a major theme of David’s prayer?
God’s grace in the past and future
who were Israel’s first three kings?
Saul, David, and solomon
what happened after Solomon’s reign?
the kingdom divided into Israel and Judah
what was the capital of Israel?
samaria
what was the capital of Judah?
Jerusalem
who ruled the northern ingdom first after the split?
jeroboam
who ruled judah after the split?
rehoboam
when did Assyria defeat israel?
722 BC
when did Babylon defeat Judah?
586 BC
what characterized Solomon’s downfall?
his heart turned to other gods
which king of Judah was faithful during difficult times?
Hezekiah
which king is remembered as Judah’s last good king?
Josiah
what major theme appears throughout kings?
God’s covenant faithfulness through pronouncement and fulfillment
what is a prophet?
a person who receives direct revelation from God for God’s people in response to a specific need or problem
what passage predicts a future prophet like Moses?
Deuteronomy 18:15-18
what passage warns about false prophets?
Jeremiah 23:16
why is Israel important in the Old Testament?
Israel is God’s chosen channel of redemption
what is a theocracy?
a nation ruled by God’s chosen kings
what was crisis A?
the Assyrian crisis
what was crisis B
the babylonian crisis
who conquered Babylon and allowed the Jews to return home (crisis c)
cyrus of persia
how are prophets often categorized?
by audience and by timing
during which crisis did Isaiah minister?
Crisis A
to which kingdom did Isaiah primarily prophesy?
Judah
Which king’s reign is especially associated with Isaiah?
Hezekiah
What are the major themes of Isaiah?
God, sin, forgiveness, judgment, messianic hope, and encouragement
why is Isaiah sometimes called an encyclopedia of theology?
because it contains extensive teaching about God’s character, sin, salvation, judgment, and the Messiah
what are the three major sections of Isaiah?
chapters 1-35, 36-39, and 40-66
what historical even forms the background of Isaiah 40-66
the end of Babylonian captivity and the rise of Cyrus
what three '“perfect” figures does Isaiah present?
the perfect king, the perfect servant, and the perfect conqueror
which kings failed, pointing to the need for the perfect king?
ahaz and hezekiah
what future reality concludes Isaiah’s vision?
the new heavens and new earth
what nickname is commonly given to jeremiah?
the weeping prophet
during which crisis did Jeremiah minister?
crisis B
to which kingdom did Jeremiah prophesy?
Judah
who was the last king of Judah?
zedekiah
which babylonian king conquered Judah?
Nebuchadnezzar
what is Jeremiah’s thesis statement from chapter 1?
to uproot, tear down, destroy and overthrow; then build and plant
what two major themes dominate Jeremiah?
judgement and hope
where is the “book of consolation” found?
Jeremiah 30-33
what is the key theme of Jeremiah 30?
the miracle of hope through God’s grace
what major doctrine is introduced in Jeremiah 31?
the new covenant
what was wrong with the old covenant?
the people failed to keep it
what is distinctive about the New Covenant?
God’s law is written on the hearts of his people
what symbolic act occurs in Jeremiah 32?
Jeremiah purchases a field as a sign of future restoration
what is the focus of hope in Jeremiah 33?
the branch of David
who is the branch of David?
Jesus Christ
During which major crisis did Ezekiel minister?
crisis B
what are the two major divisions of Ezekiel?
Judgement (chapters 1-32) and Restoration (chapters 33-48)
Where was Ezekiel when he received his visions?
in exile in babylon
how does Ezekiel typically date his visions?
by the number of years he had been in exile
which king’s exile serves as an important reference point in Ezekiel?
Jehoiachin
what phrase emphasizes that Ezekiel’s message came from God?
“The word of the LORD”
what phrase indicates God’s empowering presence with Ezekiel?
the hand of the LORD was on him
who were the last three kings of Judah
jehoiakim, jehoiachin, and Zedekiah
during whose reign did the final destruction of Jerusalem occur in 586 BC
Zedekiah’s reign
what does “Shekinah” come from?
the Hebrew word shakan, meaning “to dwell”
what is the Shekinah Glory?
the visible glory and dwelling presence of God among His people
what is a theophany?
a visible manifestation of God
what is one major theme in Ezekiel involving the Shekinah Glory?
the departure and eventual return of God’s glory
where was the Shekinah Glory initially located in Ezekiel’s vision?
the holy of holies in the temple
to where did the glory move in Ezekiel 9:3?
the temple threshold
to where did the glory move in Ezekiel 10:18-19?
the east gate of the temple
to where did the glory move in Ezekiel 11:22-23?
the mountain east of Jerusalem
why did the Shekinah Glory leave Jerusalem?
because of the people’s sin
why were the Babylonians able to enter and conquer Jerusalem?
The glory of God had departed from the city
in what chapter does the Shekinah Glory return?
Ezekiel 43
what New Testament passage echoes Ezekiel’s vision of God’s presence?
revelation 21:22-24
What literary feature is especially important in Joel?
parallelism
what is a chiasm?
a literary structure that repeats elements in reverse order
why is biblical structure important?
it displays biblical beauty and helps communicate theological teaching