PE1 Review Exam Flashcards

Vocabulary flashcards created from PE1 review lecture notes, covering biomechanics, anatomical movement terminology, kinetic chain concepts, wellness dimensions, heart rate formulas, and physical training principles.

Flexion

An anterior-posterior plane motion that decreases the angle between articulating bones.

Pelvis

The structural component that serves as the critical intersection anchoring both the upper and lower kinetic chains.

Abduction

Moving a limb away from the longitudinal axis of the body in the frontal plane.

Circumduction

A biomechanical movement where the distal end of the limb moves in a circle while the shaft of the limb does not rotate.

Medial Rotation

Rotation occurring when the anterior surface of a limb turns toward the longitudinal axis of the trunk.

Pronation

An anatomical action where the radius rotates and rolls across the ulna, causing the palm to turn from facing front to facing back.

Eversion

A specialized ankle and foot twisting movement that turns the sole outward, elevating the lateral edge.

Plantar Flexion

A specialized foot movement demonstrated by standing on tiptoe.

Protraction

Moving a body part anteriorly in the horizontal plane, such as pushing the chin forward.

Elevation

A specialized mechanic of the axial skeleton involving moving a body part in a superior direction, such as shrugging the shoulders upward.

Opposition

An evolutionary mechanic that enables the grasping and holding of objects between the thumb and the palm.

Upper Kinetic Chain

The structural architecture category of human movement that includes components such as the Scapulae.

Physical Activity

A category of movement that includes non-structured daily tasks such as taking the stairs, grocery shopping, and gardening.

Spiritual Wellness

The dimension of wellness that integrates all dimensions by providing a unifying power, meaning, and direction in life.

Financial Wellness

The optimal state of wellness achieved by budgeting resources to eliminate a primary cause of stress.

Intellectual Wellness

The dimension of wellness defined by engaging in mentally stimulating work, sharing knowledge, staying open-minded to new ideas, and being willing to accept mistakes committed by others.

Intensity

The variable in the MFIT/FITT formula framework describing how hard you work, or the exertion against a load greater than normal.

Maximal Heart Rate (MHR) Estimation

The estimated Maximal Heart Rate for a $30\text{-year-old}$ individual using standard course formulas is $190\text{ bpm}$.

Heart Rate Reserve (HRR)

The calculated metric obtained by subtracting Resting Heart Rate (RHR) from Maximal Heart Rate (MHR).

Heart Rate Reserve Calculation

For an individual with an MHR of $193\text{ bpm}$ and an RHR of $68\text{ bpm}$, the exact HRR is $125\text{ beats}$.

Exercise

Target fitness routines characterized by their planned, repetitive, and intentionally organized nature.

The Kinetic Chain

The movement concept directly originating from mechanical engineering principles used to explain human movement patterns.

Extension

Movement in the anterior-posterior plane that increases the angle between articulating bones.

Adduction

Movement toward the anatomical position or the longitudinal axis of the body.

Axial Rotation

Head movement involving left or right rotation around a central vertical plane.

Supination

An anatomical action of the forearm that returns the palm to face anteriorly.

Inversion

A twisting movement that turns the sole of the foot inward, elevating the medial edge.

Dorsiflexion

An action performed at the ankle joint when digging the heel into the ground and elevating the sole of the foot.

Depression

Movement of a body part in an inferior direction, contrasted with elevation.

Reposition

The reverse mechanical sequence that returns the thumb and fingers from opposition back to a neutral, open state.

Closed Kinetic Chain (CKC)

A movement pattern structurally defined by having the distal end fixed or stationary against a solid surface.

Environmental Wellness

The dimension of wellness optimal for practicing Leave No Trace (LNT) and the $4$ R's (Refuse, Reduce, Reuse, Recycle).

Occupational Wellness

The dimension of wellness defined by seeking personal growth, career satisfaction, and meaning through professional work rather than chasing just a salary.

Proper Nutrition

The supply of all essential nutrients required for healthy body functioning, including normal tissue growth, repair, and maintenance.

Overload Principle

The training principle stating that to improve fitness, you must challenge the body with a workload greater than what it is normally accustomed to.

Principle of Specificity

The training principle stating that to develop a specific fitness component or target a precise body part, training must be specifically applied.

Frequency

The variable in the MFIT formula outlining the exact number of days per week a person engages in physical activity.