Chapter 6 study guide- thermochemistry

Thermal energy

The total kinetic energy in a system- depends on mass

Potential Energy

Stored energy, stored in chemical bonds

Law of conservation of energy

Heat cannot be created nor destroyed

Thermochemistry

Study of energy or heat changes during chemical reactions

System

What is being studied

Surroundings

Things around the system- rest of universe

Heat

Transfer of energy from one object to another- higher to lower temp ALWAYS

Temperature

Average Kinetic energy

Specific Heat

Amount of heat needed to raise one gram of a substance 1° C

Joule

SI unit for heat (energy)

Calorie

Heat needed to raise one gram of H2O 1° C (older unit for measuring energy)

Exothermic process

Heat is released ( change in H (-) HOT )

Endothermic process

Heat is absorbed ( chang in H (+) COLD )

First law of thermodynamics

Energy not created nor destroyed (energy conserved)

Calorimeter

Device for measuring heat flow ( involved in chemical reaction)

Entropy

Measure of disorder in a system ( Change in S)

The second law of thermodynamics

The entropy in the universe is always increasing