KINE 223 TAMU Exam 1

Health

a state of physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity

Wellness

an active process by which people become aware of, and make choices toward, a more successful existence

Physical wellness

focused on actions that help to maintain healthy body systems

Emotional wellness

is about navigating life's challenges

Intellectual wellness

Think of it as learning because you want to; not because you have to

Social wellness

helps us develop skills to build a network of support

According to the National Center for Health Statistics, the life expectancy for an infant born in the United States in 2023 is

78.4 years

Leading causes of death

Heart Disease, Cancer, Unintentional Injuries

TRUE/FALSE There is no relationship between one's sleep and work schedule and risk of being involved in a drowsy-driving crash.

False

TRUE/FALSE Working the night shift does not affect one's chances of being involved in a sleep-related crash.

False

TRUE/FALSE The largest at-risk group for sleep-related crashes is commercial drivers.

False

TRUE/FALSE Overall, sleep-related crashes have certain characteristics that set them apart from other types of crashes.

True

Homeostasis

a self-regulating process by which a living organism can maintain internal stability while adjusting to changing external conditions

Biometrics

are physical characteristics of your body that are measured and tracked over time

BMI

Body Mass Index

VO2 Max

measure of the volume of oxygen that a person can take in (respiratory system) and deliver (cardiovascular system) to the muscles during strenuous exercise

Estimate VO2 Max

1.5 mile run:

VO2 Max (mL x KG x min) = 88.02 - (0.1656 x BW) - (2.76 x TIME) + (3.16 x GENDER)

BW = body weight in kilograms

TIME = 1.5 mile run time in decimal form

GENDER = substitute 1 for males and 0 for females

systolic pressure

First, number reported is. This is the amount of pressure blood forces against artery walls when the heart beats to circulate blood throughout the body

diastolic pressure

The bottom, or second. This is a measure of the pressure blood forces against artery walls between heart beats

scientific literacy

having some understanding of scientific knowledge and the ability to analyze explanations and propose ways to investigate questions about natural phenomena

If I ____________, then my __________ will improve. "Study while running," "recall of information," Which is independent variable, and which is dependent

Independent: Study while running

Dependent: recall of information

Stress

nonspecific response of the body to any demand

Distress

describe a stress response from negative or unpleasant stressors

Eustress

resulted from positive stimulating stress factors

Alarm stage

These stress hormones prepare your body for an immediate physical response. This stage is also where humans experience the fight or flight response

Sleep Recommendation

7-9 Hours

Non-exercise activity thermogenesis (NEAT)

is the energy expended for everything we do that is not sleeping, eating or sports-like exercise

Cardiorespiratory fitness

refers to the capacity of the circulatory and respiratory systems to deliver oxygen to the working muscles.

Muscular fitness

refers to muscular strength which is the ability to exert maximal force against a resistance

cardiovascular (CV) system includes

the heart, blood vessels, and blood

Perfusion

delivery of blood to tissue and organs

Muscular strength

is the force or tension a muscle or a muscle group can exert against resistance with one maximal effort

Muscular endurance

the ability or capacity of a muscle or a muscle group to repeatedly contract or to hold a sustained contraction of a submaximal resistance over a long period of time

Muscular power

refers to the rate of performing the work and is the product of speed and strength.

concentric contraction

is a shortening of the muscle as it develops tension against resistance or gravity, and a decrease in the associated joint angle

eccentric contraction

lengthens the muscle as it works against tension or gravity; the joint angle increases with an

isometric

with tension but no movement or change in the joint angle

Hypertrophy

is the term for an increase in the size of the muscle because of strength training.

Atrophy

is the term for a loss in muscle size with detraining

Sarcopenia

is a type of atrophy which is loss of muscle due to aging

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)

is the condition of decreased blood flow to the heart, which can cause a heart attack

Heart Attack or Myocardial Infarction (MI)

occurs when an artery to the heart is blocked resulting in decreased oxygen to the heart.

Arteriosclerosis

is the hardening or stiffening of arteries.

peripheral artery disease (PAD).

When plaque forms in the arteries anywhere except the brain or the heart

Cholesterol

is a waxy fat that is manufactured by the liver and is also found in animal-derived saturated fat foods

Triglycerides

are produced in the liver and are the main lipids found in the bloodstream. these molecules are the most common fat found in the body and are used for energy

Diabetes

There are four types of Diabetes: Type 1 (formerly called juvenile onset), Type 2 (formerly called adult-onset), gestational diabetes (a temporary condition) occurring around 24-28 weeks of pregnancy, and prediabetes.

Osteoporosis

is the most prevalent chronic metabolic bone disease and is characterized by weakening of bone tissue, bone structure and bone strength which increases the risk of skeletal fractures.