Biochem flashcards

Ferritin

First indicator of iron deficiency; normal levels are 15–200 µg/L.

MCV (Mean Corpuscular Volume)

Measures the average size of red blood cells; low levels indicate microcytic anemia.

Transferrin Saturation

Proportion of transferrin that is saturated with iron; low levels (<20%) indicate iron deficiency.

Vitamin D Sufficiency

25(OH)D level of 50 nmol/L or above is sufficient.

25(OH)D Deficiency

25(OH)D level below 30 nmol/L is considered deficient.

Population at Risk for Vitamin D Deficiency

Including older adults, housebound individuals, and those with darker skin tones.

Intrinsic Factor

A protein essential for vitamin B12 absorption, normally secreted by the stomach.

Macrocytic Anemia Symptoms

Symptoms include an MCV greater than 100 fL and neurological signs like tingling.

Ghrelin

Hormone that stimulates hunger and is secreted before meals.

GLP-1 Functions

Enhances insulin secretion, delays gastric emptying, and suppresses appetite.

Inhibitors of Nutrient Absorption

Include phytates (block iron), tannins (reduce iron), and calcium (competes with minerals).

Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome

A brain disorder caused by thiamine (B1) deficiency, often associated with alcohol use.