US Military History Exam 2 People

William McKinley

US President who declared war on Spain after USS Maine exploded.

Theodore Roosevelt

Led "Rough Riders" at San Juan Hill; built "big stick" modern Navy.

George Dewey

Naval officer who destroyed the Spanish fleet at Manila Bay.

William T. Sampson

Commander who blockaded Cuba and destroyed Spain's fleet at Santiago.

Pascual Cervera

Spanish admiral whose squadron was destroyed attempting Santiago breakout.

William Shafter

US Army commander who led the Cuban land invasion at Santiago.

Leonard Wood

Army officer who co-commanded the "Rough Riders" cavalry with Roosevelt.

Emilio Aguinaldo

Filipino independence leader who fought Spain, then resisted US annexation.

Elihu Root

Secretary of War who reformed the Army and established the General Staff

Valeriano Weyler

Spanish governor whose brutal Cuban reconcentration camps sparked US outrage.

Alfred Thayer Mahan

Naval strategist whose writing inspired US battleship expansion.

Woodrow Wilson

President who led US into WWI ("make world safe for democracy").

John J. Pershing

AEF Commander who insisted on independent American combat operations in France.

William S. Sims

US Naval commander who introduced transatlantic troop convoys against U-boats.

Newton D. Baker

Secretary of War who executed the WWI draft and base mobilization.

Peyton C. March

Army Chief of Staff who overhauled logistics to supply 3 million troops overseas.

King Albert I

King of Belgium who commanded national defense against initial German invasion.

Count Alfred von Schlieffen

German strategist who planned rapid invasion of France through neutral Belgium.

Arthur Zimmermann

German minister whose intercepted telegram urged Mexico to attack the US.

Brig. Gen. Billy Mitchell

Aviation pioneer court-martialed for demanding an independent Air Force

Herbert Hoover

Great Depression President who ordered clearing of encamped Bonus Army veterans.

Douglas MacArthur

Army Chief of Staff who personally directed armed eviction of Bonus Army.

George Patton Jr.

Interwar armor advocate who deployed tanks during Bonus Army eviction.

George C. Marshall

Army Chief of Staff who rebuilt military and organized "Arsenal of Democracy."

Henry Stimson

FDR's Secretary of War who led industrial and manpower prep before WWII.

Franklin D. Roosevelt

US wartime President who mobilized total war industry and Allied strategy.

Dwight D. Eisenhower

Supreme Allied Commander who directed D-Day landings in Normandy.

Chester W. Nimitz

Pacific Fleet Commander who led carrier strikes and island-hopping campaign.

General Omar Bradley

Senior US ground commander in Western Europe from Normandy into Germany.

Erwin Rommel

"Desert Fox" — famous German armored commander in North Africa.

Stalin & Churchill

Allied "Big Three" leaders who partnered with FDR on "Germany First" strategy.