Biology 80H: Organisms to Ecosystems Intro

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Last updated 5:18 AM on 10/4/26
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25 Terms

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Organism

A group of organ systems performing basic functions of life.

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Population

A group of organisms of the same species living in the same place.

<p>A group of organisms of the same species living in the same place.</p>
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Community

Populations of different species in the same location.

<p>Populations of different species in the same location.</p>
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Ecosystem

Includes the living and nonliving components of an area.

<p>Includes the living and nonliving components of an area.</p>
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Theme 1 - Emergence

New properties emerge at successive levels of biological organization.

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Metabolism

The sum of all life-sustaining chemical reactions that occur in the cells of living things.

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Theme 2 - Energy Transformation

Life requires the transfer and transformation of energy and matter.

<p>Life requires the transfer and transformation of energy and matter.</p>
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Phototrophs

Organisms that obtain energy from the sun.

<p>Organisms that obtain energy from the sun.</p>
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Organotrophs

Organisms that obtain energy from breaking down previously existing organic compounds.

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Lithotrophs

Organisms that use reduced inorganic molecules to power cell reactions.

<p>Organisms that use reduced inorganic molecules to power cell reactions.</p>
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Autotrophs

Organisms that fix carbon into organic molecules from inorganic sources like CO2.

<p>Organisms that fix carbon into organic molecules from inorganic sources like CO2.</p>
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Heterotrophs

Organisms that obtain carbon from pre-existing organic molecules.

<p>Organisms that obtain carbon from pre-existing organic molecules.</p>
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Theme 3 - Interaction

From molecules to ecosystems, interactions are important in biological systems.

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Photoautotroph

An organism with energy from the sun and carbon from CO2.

<p>An organism with energy from the sun and carbon from CO2.</p>
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Organoheterotroph

An organism with energy and carbon from existing organic molecules.

<p>An organism with energy and carbon from existing organic molecules.</p>
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Homeostasis

The maintenance of a stable internal environment in which cells can survive.

<p>The maintenance of a stable internal environment in which cells can survive.</p>
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Theme 4 - Information

Life involves the transmission and expression of genetic information.

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Asexual reproduction

Reproduction where genetic material (DNA) comes from only one parent.

<p>Reproduction where genetic material (DNA) comes from only one parent.</p>
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Sexual reproduction

Reproduction where genetic material (DNA) is contributed by both parents.

<p>Reproduction where genetic material (DNA) is contributed by both parents.</p>
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Natural Selection

The enhanced reproductive success of certain individuals from a population based on inherited characteristics.

<p>The enhanced reproductive success of certain individuals from a population based on inherited characteristics.</p>
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Adaptation

An inherited trait that enables an organism to survive and reproduce in its environment.

<p>An inherited trait that enables an organism to survive and reproduce in its environment.</p>
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Structure and Function

The concept that living structures provide clues to their function and are shaped by evolutionary forces.

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Prokaryotic cells

Cell type found in traditional domains Bacteria and Archaea.

<p>Cell type found in traditional domains Bacteria and Archaea.</p>
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Eukaryotic cells

Cell type found in organisms belonging to the domain Eukarya.

<p>Cell type found in organisms belonging to the domain Eukarya.</p>
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Binomial nomenclature

Naming system where each species is given a unique name made up of its Genus and specific epithet.

<p>Naming system where each species is given a unique name made up of its Genus and specific epithet.</p>