clostridium difficile

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Last updated 12:41 AM on 8/17/26
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4 Terms

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Def - pseudomembranous colitis

Inflammatory bowel disorder in which membrane-like yellowish plaques of exudate overlay and replace necrotic intestinal mucosa

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Cause

Broad spectrum antibiotic → clinamycin , cephalosporin , ampicillin, amoxicillin, fluoroquinoloes

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Symptoms

  • 7-10 days after initiating antibiotics treatment

  • May occur up to several weeks

  • Frequent, watery, mucoid stools

  • Crampy abdominal pain

  • Fever

  • Leukocytosis

  • Dehydration


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Treatment

  • contact isolation , hand hygiene with soap and water

  • Mild cases : stop the offending antibiotics

  • Not respond : oral metronidazole 500 mg TID for 14 day

  • Not respond or sever cases with systemic symptoms ( fever, abdominal pain , leukocytosis) : Vancouver 125 orally four time daily for 14 day

  • Pseudomembranous colitis complicated with toxic megacolon: metronidazole 500mg IV every 6 hr + vancomycin 500mg orally every 6 hr