Imaging Ch 2 PP

2nd law

fractions what over what

numerator over denominator

quotient

the value of a fraction

kinetic energy is associated with

motion of an object

potential energy is

stored energy of position or configuration

law of conservation of energy

energy can be transformed from one type to another by cant be created or destroyed

power defintion

rate of doing work

units for power

joules J

power formula

P=work/time

work defintion

product of force and distance

work formula

work=f*d

units for work

joules J

momentum definition

product of mass of an object and its velocity

momentum formula

P=m*v

weight defintion

measure of force on a body caused by gravity

force of gravity on earth

-9.8 m/s²

force of gravity on moon

1.6 m/s²

weight formula

weight =m*g

acceleration defintion

the rate of change of velocity

how quickly or slowly the velocity is changing

if velocity is constant

acceleration is zero

acceleration equation

A=Vf-Vo/t

velocity of light is

constant, 3×10^8m/s

velocity defintion

speed with direction, how fast something is moving or the rate of change of its position

velocity formula

V=d/t

magnification formula

M=SID/SOD

SID stands for

source to image receptor distance

SOD stands for

source to object distance

Magnification formula unit

NONE

standard units of measurement base quantities

length mass time

standard units of measurement derived quantities

volume - length cubed

mass density- mass/volume ³

standard units of measurement

special quantities

exposure

dose

effective dose

radioactivity

standard units of measurement

special quantities

exposure special unit + SI unit

C/kg

air kerma Gya

standard units of measurement

special quantities

Dose special unit+ SI unit

J/kg

Grayt (Gyt)

standard units of measurement

special quantities

effective dose special units+ SI units

J/kg

Sievert Sv

standard units of measurement

special quantities

radioactivity special unit + SI unit

s^-1

becquerel Bq

graphing two axes

x horizontal

y vertical

origin point of graph is

0

coordinates ordered pair

x,y

x across

y vertical

exponent rules

product rule

add exponents

exponent rules

quotient rule

a^m / a^n =

subtract exponents keep the base but subtract top - bottom exponent

a^m-n

exponent rules

power rule

(a^m)^n

multiply exponents

a^m*n

exponent rules

power of a product rule

(ab)^n=

exponent outside of parentheses applies to each number

a^n b^n

exponent rules

power of a fraction rule

(2/5)³

exponent applies to numerator and denominator

2² /5³

exponent rules

zero exponent

always equals 1

exponent rules

negative exponent

a^-n =

create a fraction 1/number with positive exponent

reciprocal of base and change to positive number

1/a^n

exponent rules

fractional exponent

a^m/n=

create a square root y on outside x on inside with number

n (sqrt a)^m

exponent system if numbers to the left exponent will be

positive

exponent system

if numbers to the right exponent will be

negative

US national debt

$3.04 × 10^13

your age in exponent form

how much money you want to retire with in exponent form

10^7

plancks constant

what should we round to in imaging class

nearest hundredths place

ratio definition

compares or expresses the math relationship between similar quantities

1 m = ____cm

100 cm

1 mi= ____ ft

5280 ft

1 kg = ____ pounds

2.2

1 inch = ___ cm

2.54 cm

1 yard = ___ ft

3 ft

1 foot = ___ inch

12

1 yard = ____ inch

36

1 mile = ____ yards

1760

if you have an improper fraction in this class you need to

put in a proper fraction form and simplify NO IMPROPER FRACTIONS

proper fraction

value less than one

improper fraction

value more than 1

SID =

SOD + OID

the smaller the OID the ___ magnification

less

velocity of light is also the

speed of x rays

example of law of conservation of energy

electrical → light

chemical → mechanical

light→ chemical

electrical → heat

heat is a form of energy that is

important to rad techs

excessive heat can

damage the x ray tube

the more rapid and disordered the motion of molecules the

more heat an object contains

heat is

an increase in temperature

conduction

transfer of heat through a material or by touching

conduction example

high temp object touches a low temp object

convection definition

mechanical transfer of hot molecules in a gas or liquid from one place to another

example of convection

forced air furnace

thermal radiation definition

transfer of heat by emission infrared radiation

reddish glow emitted by hot objects

example of thermal radiation

primary was an x-ray tube cools

gas mileage is _______ proportional to automobile weight

inversely

radiation intensity is _____ proportional to the mAs of a radiographic imaging system

directly

for directly proportional relationships when one variable changes the other variable

changes in the same direction by the same factor

for directly related relationships a change in one variable results in a

change in the other variable in the same direction but not by the same factor

inverse proportional relationships when one variable changes the other variable

changes in the opposite direction by the reciprocal factor

for inversely related relationships a change in one variable results in a change

in the other variable in the opposite direction but not by the reciprocal factor

plancks constant

related to the energy of an x ray

symbolized by h

h=6.63 × 10^-34 J*s

physics is the

study of interactions of matter and energy in all their diverse forms

special quantities defintiion

additional quantities that are designed to support measurement in a specialized area of science and technology

base quantities def

building blocks of all other quantities

derived quantities def

secondary quatitoes from the three base quantities

standard unit of length

meter

one meter is defined as

the distance traveled by that light in a vacuum in 1/299792458 seconds

the kilogram is a unit of

mass

the newton and the pound are units of

weight

time is based on the

vibration of cesium atoms

the atomic clock is capable of

keeping time correctly to approximately 1 second in 5000 years

every measurement has 2 parts

magnitude

unit

volume formula

V=length x width x height

mechanics is a segment of physics that deals with

objects at rest and objects in motion

objects at rest are

static

objects in motion are

dynamic