Wave & Optics - Simple Harmonic Motion

Vocabulary flashcards covering the concepts of motion classification, oscillatory motion, and simple harmonic motion equations based on the lecture notes.

Classification of Motion

The categorization of physical motion into Periodic and Non-Periodic types, with Periodic motion further divided into Oscillatory and Non-Oscillatory motion.

Periodic Motion

Motion that repeats itself at regular intervals of time, with examples including a spring, pendulum, clock, and the Sun.

Non-Periodic Motion

Motion that does not repeat at regular time intervals, such as projectile motion.

Oscillatory Motion

A specific type of periodic to-and-fro motion about a mean position, such as that of a pendulum or spring.

Non-Oscillatory Periodic Motion

Periodic motion that repeats regularly without involving a back-and-forth oscillation, such as a clock or the Sun.

Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM)

A form of oscillatory motion where the acceleration is directly proportional to the displacement from the mean position and acts in the opposite direction ($a \propto -x$).

Restoring Force in SHM

The force proportional and opposite to the displacement from the mean position, given by $F \propto -x$ or $F = -kx$, where $k$ represents the spring constant.

Angular Velocity ($\omega$)

The rate of rotation defined as $\omega = \frac{\theta}{t}$, which gives the angular position $\theta = \omega t$.

Displacement Equation in SHM

The equation representing position as a function of time in simple harmonic motion, expressed as $x = A \cos(\omega t)$.