study guides / handouts

Olfactory nerve

What is cranial nerve number one?

I

What is the Roman numeral for 1?

Sensory only

Is the olfactory nerve sensory, motor or both?

Telencephalon

What is the olfactory nerve associated with?

Taste (coffee grounds)

How do you test the olfactory nerve?

Optic nerve

What is cranial nerve number two?

II

What is the roman numeral for two?

Sensory only

Is the optic nerve sensory, motor or both?

Diencephalon

What is the optic nerve associated with?

• chart

• Periphery

• Color

How do you test the optic nerve?

Oculomotor

What is cranial nerve three?

III

What is the roman numeral for three (3)?

Motor

Is the oculomotor nerve sensory, motor or both?

Midbrain

What is the oculomotor nerve associated with?

Follow the object

How do you test the oculomotor nerve?

Trochlear

What is cranial nerve four (4)?

IV

What is the roman numeral for four (4)?

Motor

Is the trochlear nerve sensory, motor or both?

Midbrain

What is the trochlear nerve associated with?

Follow the object

How do you test the trochlear nerve?

Trigeminal

What is cranial nerve five (5)?

V

What is the romen numeral for number five (5)?

Both

Is the trigeminal nerve sensory, motor or both?

Pons

What is the trigeminal nerve associated with?

• chewing

• Touch

How do you test the trigeminal nerve?

Abducens

What is cranial nerve six (6)?

VI

What is the romen numeral for six (6)?

Motor

Is the abducens nerve sensory, motor or both?

Pons

What is the abducens nerve associated with?

Follow the object

How do you test the abducens nerve?

Facial

What is cranial nerve seven (7)?

VII

What is the romen numeral for number seven (7)?

Both

Is the facial nerve sensory, motor or both?

Pons

What is the facial nerve associated with?

Funny faces

How do you test the facial nerve?

Auditory (vestibulochlear)

What is cranial nerve number eight (8)?

VIII

What is the romen numeral for eight (8)?

Sensory only

Is the auditory (vestibulochlear) nerve sensory, motor or both?

Pontomedullary

What is the auditory (vestibulochlear) nerve associated with?

• hearing

• Chair spin

How do you test the auditory (vestibulochlear) nerve?

Glossopharyngeal

What is cranial nerve number nine (9)?

IX

What is the romen numeral for number nine (9)?

Both

Is the glossopharyngeal nerve sensory, motor or both?

Medulla sense

What is the glossopharyngeal nerve associated with?

• gag

• Taste

How do you test the glossopharyngeal nerve?

Vagus

What is cranial nerve number ten (10)?

X

What is the romen numeral for number ten (10)?

Both

Is the vagus nerve sensory, motor or both?

Medulla motor

What is the vagus nerve associated with?

• gag

• Vocal

How do you test the vagus nerve?

Spinal Accessory

What is cranial nerve number eleven (11)?

XI

What is the romen numeral for number eleven (11)?

Motor

Is the spinal accessory nerve sensory, motor or both?

Medulla

What is the spinal accessory nerve associated with?

Shrug shoulders

How do you test the spinal accessory nerve?

Hypoglossal

What is cranial nerve number twelve (12)?

XII

What is the romen numeral for number twelve (12)?

Motor

Is the hypoglossal nerve sensory, motor or both?

Medulla

What is the hypoglossal nerve associated with?

Stick out tongue

How do you test the hypoglossal nerve?

The sensory pathways are _____ tacts?

Ascending

Medial Lemniscal Pathway

Sensory stimuli about proprioception, discriminative touch, precise pressure & vibrations

Anterolateral Pathway

Receives & sends sensory stimuli that typically requires a responsive act like an itch or burning sensation

Spinocerebellar Pathway

Helps to coordinate the body’s movements on a subconscious level

Descending

Motor pathways are _____ tracts?

Corticobulbar Tracts

Direct motor pathway to control the facial region coming from the primary motor cortex to the various muscles of the head, face and neck

Corticospinal Tracts

Direct motor pathway

Corticospinal lateral tracts

Innervates the limbs or appendages muscles

Corticospinal anterior tracts

Innervates the muscles of the axial skeleton (trunk)

Lateral indirect motor pathway

Regulates precise movement & tone in flexor limb muscles

Medial indirect motor pathway

Regulates muscle tone & movements of the head, neck, proximal limbs & trunk

Reticulospinal tracts

Indirect motor pathway that helps control reflexive movements related to posture & balance

Tectospinal Tracts

Indirect motor pathway that regulates positional changes in response to visual & auditory stimuli

Vesticulospinal Tract

Indirect motor pathway that helps to maintain balance during sitting, standing & walking

Dermatomes C2

Back of head

Dermatomes C3

Back of neck

Dermatomes C4

Wraps neck

Dermatomes C5

Above collar bone to top of shoulder

Dermatomes C6

Lateral arm & thumb

Dermatomes C7

• Middle finger & index

• Medial forearm & arm

Dermatomes C8

• ring finger

• Pinkey & medial arm to axillary region

Dermatomes T1

Below collar bone

Dermatomes T2 & T3

Stack beneath collar bone

Dermatomes T4

Nipple

Dermatomes T5, T6, T7, T8 & T9

Stack beneath the nipple

Dermatomes T10

Umbilicus

Dermatomes T11 & T12

• Pelvic

• Genitals anterior

Dermatomes L1

Outer upper thigh to inner upper thigh

Dermatomes L2

Mid thigh to inner mid thigh

Dermatomes L3

Outside of knee to inside of knee

Dermatomes L4

Below knee outside to below knee inside

Dermatomes L5

Outside ankle to inside ankle

Dermatomes S1

Back of heel & calf

Dermatomes S2

Back of knee & back of thigh

Dermatomes S3 & S4

Encircle buttock

Dermatomes S5

Anus

Nodes of Ranvier

Gaps in the myelin sheath is ….

Nodes of Ranvier

Where axolemma is exposed is called?

Nodes of Ranvier

Located where ions exchange take place…

Somma

Cell body of a neuron