chemical nomenclature & properties

what are the ionic properties?

1. high melting points
2. soluble in water
3. insoluble in organic solvents
4. can conduct electricity when dissolved

how do ionic compounds dissolve in solutions?

they dissolve as ions

what are ions?

atoms with charges

what is the ionic nomenclature?

metal+nonmetal/polyatomic

how do you name ionic compounds?

cation + anion(-ide)

what does it mean when hydrogen is in front?

its an acid

what are the covalent properties?

1. can be a solid, liquid, or gas
2. low melting points
3. soluble in organic solvents
4. insoluble in water
5. don’t dissolve as ions

what is the subset for covalent compounds?

organics

what is the subset for ionic compounds?

acids

how do you name covalent compounds?

(prefix)nonmetal+(prefix)nonmental

what are the properties of acidic compounds?

1. solid crystals
2. high melting points
3. soluble in water
4. not soluble in organic solvents
5. dissolve as ions
6. when in water solutions, ph is lower than 7

how are acidic compounds named?

hydrogen + anion

hydrogen + nonmetal

Hydro\[element root\]ic acid

hydrogen + polyatomic (ending in -ate)

polyatomic\[ic\] acid

hydrogen + polyatomic (ending in -ite)

polyatomic\[ous\] acid

what are organic compound properties?

1. flammable
2. low melting point
3. don’t dissolve in water

how do we name organic compounds?

carbon+hydrogen

what is alkanes structure?

C(n)H(2n+2)→prefix + -ane

what is alkenes structure?

C(n)H(2n)→prefix + -ene

what is alkynes structure?

C(n)H(2n-2)→prefix + -yne