Vocab level G unit 4-5 synonyms, antonyms, and definition

atrophy

(n.) the wasting away of a body organ or tissue; any progressive decline or failure; (v.) to waste away

bastion

(n.) a fortified place, stronghold

concord

(n.) a state of agreement, harmony, unanimity; a treaty, pact, covenant

consummate

(adj.) complete or perfect in the highest degree; (v.) to bring to a state of completion or perfection

disarray

(n.) disorder, confusion; (v.) to throw into disorder

exigency

(n., often pl.) urgency, pressure; urgent demand, pressing need; an emergency

flotsam

(n.) floating debris; homeless, impoverished people

frenetic

(adj) Frenzied, highly agitated

glean

(v.) to gather bit by bit; to gather small quantities of grain left in a field by the reapers

grouse

(n.) a type of game bird; a complaint; (v.) to complain, grumble

incarcerate

(v.) to imprison, confine, jail

incumbent

(adj.) obligatory, required; (n.) one who holds a specific office at the time spoken of

jocular

adj.) humorous, jesting, jolly, joking

ludicrous

(adj.) ridiculous, laughable, absurd

mordant

(adj.) biting or caustic in thought, manner, or style; sharply or bitterly harsh

nettle

(n.) A prickly or stinging plant; (v.) to arouse displeasure, impatience, or anger; to vex or irritate severely

pecuniary

(adj.) consisting of or measured in money; of or related to money

pusillanimous

(adj.) contemptibly cowardly or mean-spirited

recumbent

(adj.) in a reclining position, lying down, in the posture of one sleeping or resting

stratagem

(n.) a scheme to outwit or deceive an opponent or to gain an end

atrophy

degeneration, deterioration; wither

bastion

citadel, rampart, bulwark, parapet

concord

disagreement, strife, discord

consummate

masterful; clinch, conclude

disarray

disorganization; dishevel, mess up

exigency

requirement, crisis

flotsam

floating wreckage

frenetic

frantic, overwrought

glean

collect, cull, pick up

grouse

gripe, kvetch, bellyache

incarcerate

intern, immure

incumbent

mandatory, necessary

jocular

waggish, facetious, droll, witty

ludicrous

risible, preposterous

mordant

acrimonious, acidulous, sardonic, scathing

nettle

peeve, annoy, incense, gal, irk

pecuniary

monetary, financial

pusillanimous

crave, lily-livered

recumbent

prone, prostrate, supine, inactive

stratagem

ruse, trick, ploy, subterfuge

acuity

(n.) sharpness (particularly of the mind or senses); clever in noticing and understanding one's surroundings

synonyms: keenness, acuteness

delineate

(v.) to portray, sketch, or describe in accurate and vivid detail; to represent pictorially

synonyms: depict, picture, render

depraved

(adj.) marked by evil and corruption, devoid of moral principles

syn: perverted, degenerate, vicious, corrupt

ant: moral, virtuous, upright, uncorrupted

enervate

(v.) to weaken or lessen the mental, moral, or physical vigor of; enfeeble, hamstring

syn: impair, cripple, paralyze

ant: invigorate, strengthen, buttress

esoteric

(adj.) intended for or understood by only a select few, private, secret.

syn: occult, cryptic, arcane, recondite

ant: accessible, comprehensible, intelligible

fecund

(adj.) fruitful in offspring or vegetation; intellectually productive

syn: fertile, teeming, prolific

ant: infertile, barren, unproductive

fiat

(n.) an arbitrary order or decree; a command or act of will or consciousness

syn: edict, dictum, ukase

figment

(n.) a fabrication of the mind; and arbitrary notion

syn: creation, invention, fancy

garner

(v.) to acquire as the result of effort; to gather and store away, as for future use

syn: collect, accumulate, accrue

ant: scatter, squander, waste, dissipate

hallow

(v.) to set apart as holy or sacred, sanctify, consecrate; to honor greatly, revere

idiosyncrasy

(n.) a peculiarity that serves to distinguish or identify

syn: eccentricity, quirk, mannerism

ignominy

(n.) shame and disgrace

syn: dishonor, humiliation, disrepute, odium

ant: honor, glory, acclaim

mundane

(adj.) earthly, worldly, relating to practical and material affairs; concerned with what is ordinary

syn: prosaic, humdrum, routine, sublunary

ant: heavenly, unworldly, spiritual, transcendental

nuance

(n.) a subtle or slight variation (as in color, meaning, quality), delicate gradation or shade of difference
syn: shade, nicety, refinement

overweening

(adj.) conceited, presumptuous; excessive, immoderate

syn: arrogant, unbridled, inflated

ant: restrained, understated, modest, meek

penchant

(n.) a strong attraction or inclination

syn: proclivity, propensity, predilection

ant: disinclination, aversion

reputed

(adj.) according to reputation or general belief; having widespread acceptance and good reputation; (part.) alleged

syn: putative, reputable, supposed

ant: proven, corroborated, authenticated

sophistry

(n.) reasoning that seems plausible but is actually unsound, a fallacy.

syn: specious reasoning

sumptuous

(adj.) costly, rich, magnificent

syn: lavish, munificent, opulent, splendid

ant: skimpy, meager, stingy, niggardly, spartan

ubiquitous

(adj.) present or existing everywhere

syn: omnipresent, pervasive, universal

ant: restricted, limited, rare, scarce

complicity

(n.) involvement in wrongdoing; the state f being an accomplice

Synonyms: involvement, connivance, collusion
Antonyms: lack of involvement or entanglement

inane

(adj.) silly, empty of meaning or value

Synonyms: idiotic, moronic, fatuous, vapid
Antonyms: sensible, meaningful, profound

agnostic

(n.) one who believes that nothing is known about God; a skeptic; (adj.) without faith, skeptical

Synonyms: skeptic, doubter about god
Antonyms: believer in god

indictment

(n.) the act of accusing; a formal accusation

Synonyms: formal charge, accusation

equity

(n). the state or quality of being just, fair, or impartial; fair and equal treatment; something that is fair

Synonyms: justice, fairness, impartiality
Antonyms: injustice, unfairness; bias, prejudice

abject

(adj.) degraded, wretched; base, contemptible; cringing, servile; complete and unrelieved

Synonyms: wretched, miserable, ignoble, sheer, utter
Antonyms: injustice, unfairness, bias predjudice

diatribe

(n.) a bitter and prolonged verbal attack

Synonyms: a harangue, tirade
Antonyms: panegyric, encomium, eulogy

intermittent

(adj.) stopping and beginning again, sporadic

Synonyms: fitful spasmodic, sporadic, random
Antonyms: continuous, uninterrupted

derelict

(n.) someone or something that is abandoned or neglected; (adj.) left abandoned; neglectful of duty

Synonyms: abandoned, remiss, delinquent,
Antonyms: punctilious, conscientious, scrupulous

effigy

(n.) a crude image of a despised person

Synonyms: figure, figurine, likeness, image

indubitable

(adj.) certain, not to be doubted or denied

Synonyms: unquestionable, certain, indisputable
Antonyms: debatable, questionable, dubious

travesty

(n.) a grotesque or grossly inferior imitation; (v.) to ridicule by imitating in a broad or burlesque fashion

Synonyms: a burlesque, parody, caricature
Antonyms: genuine, authentic, bona fide

surveillance

(n.) a watch kept over a person; careful, close, and disciplined observation

Synonyms: monitoring, observation, scrutiny

neophyte

(n.) a new convert, beginner, novice

Synonyms: novice, tenderfoot, tyro, rookie
Antonyms: veteran, pro, past master, expert

sylvan

(adj.) pertaining to or characteristic of forests; living or located in a forest; wooded, woody

Synonyms: wooded, forested, arcadian

moot

(adj.) open to discussion and debate, unresolved; (v.) to bring up for discussion

Synonyms: debatable, questionable, to broach
Antonyms: undebatable, indisputable, self evident

perspicacity

(n.) keenness in observing and understanding

Synonyms: acuity, acumen, discernment
Antonyms: dullness, obtuseness

testy

(adj.) easily irritated; characterized by impatience and exasperation

Synonyms: irritable, peevish, waspish, petulant
Antonyms: even-tempered, imperturbable, unexcitable

plenary

(adj.) complete in all aspects or essentials; absolute; attended by all qualified members

Synonyms: unlimited, unrestricted, absolute
Antonyms: limited, restricted, incomplete

motif

(n.) a principal idea or feature; a repeated or dominant figure in a design

Synonyms: a theme, feature, element