Biology Important*

Glycolysis: What goes in?

Glucose + 2 ATP + 2 NAD⁺

Glycolysis: What comes out?

2 pyruvic acid + 4 ATP produced + 2 NADH

Glycolysis: What is the net ATP gain?

2 ATP (4 produced, 2 used)

Krebs cycle: What goes in?

Acetyl-CoA, NAD⁺, FAD, ADP

Krebs cycle: What comes out?

CO₂, ATP, NADH, and FADH₂

Krebs cycle: How does it connect to glycolysis?

Pyruvic acid from glycolysis is first converted into acetyl-CoA, which enters the Krebs cycle.

Calvin cycle: What goes in?

CO₂ + ATP + NADPH

Calvin cycle: What comes out?

Sugar-building molecules + ADP+P + NADP⁺

Calvin cycle: What provides the energy to build sugars?

ATP provides energy, and NADPH provides energized electrons.

Calvin cycle: Where does it occur?

In the stroma of the chloroplast.

How are the light reactions and Calvin cycle connected?

The light reactions produce ATP and NADPH, which the Calvin cycle uses to build sugars.

Photosynthesis: What goes in?

6 CO₂ + 6 H₂O + light energy

Photosynthesis: What comes out?

C₆H₁₂O₆(Glucose) + 6 O₂

Photosynthesis: What is the overall equation?

6 CO₂ + 6 H₂O + light energy → C₆H₁₂O₆(Glucose) + 6 O₂