Insecticide MOAs-Nerve agents

Why do sub groups exist?

They have same MOA but a different enough structure that cross resistance is more unlikely. It is still more likely than that of differing groups.

What are the 5 actions that MOAs hit?

Nerve and Muscle (multiple sights)

Growth and Development (IGR)

Respiration (metabolic processes) (energy metabolism)

Midgut membrane disruption

Unknown or non-specific

What is the general rules of thumb for the 4 known MOAs?

•Nerve and Muscle (multiple sights)

–Generally fast action, fast mortality

–Exceptions N&M, chordotonal organ

•Growth and Development (IGR)

–Fast/slow action, slow mortality/at molting

•Respiration (metabolic processes)

–Moderate action, moderate/slow mortality

•Midgut membrane disruption

Slow action, slow mortality

What are muscular and nerve disruptors mainly targeting?

Ion channels

What are the 5 channels disrupted in nerve MOAs?

Sodium channels, nAChR, TRPV, RyR, and Gaba/Glucan-Cl

What is the only enzyme target by Nerve disruptors?

AChE

Group 1

Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors (nerve action)

How do Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors work

Broad spectrum

Mammal toxicity

Degrades AChE at synapse

Extremely fast action and mortality

What are the 2 MOAs of sodium channels

Blockers that prevent electron transfer (paralysis) and modulators that prevent gate closing (spasms).

What groups act on sodium channels?

Group 3(modulator) and 22(blocker)

Group 3 vs 22 speed (NA channel)?

Group 3 is extremly fast in mortality and action. Group 22 is fast acting but slower moratlity at 24 to 72 hours.

nAChR, Competetive, allosteric, and blocking modulators? What happens?

competetive:bind to same site

Allosteric:Keep channel open via binding to same site as nAChR

Blocker:prevent ion flow

all lead to paralysis

Group 4

Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor competitive modulators (nerve action)

group 5

Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor allosteric modulators – Site I (nerve action)

Group 32

Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor allosteric modulators – Site II (nerve action)

What are the 3 groups that effect aNChE? how fast?

Group 4, 5 and 32. all are fast action with moderate/fast mortality (1-3 days)

Why are group 5 pesticides relatively safe?

They are biosynthesised from fermenting and are low toxicity

What separates group 32?

It is a peptide based poison that uses spider venom as a base to synthesise targeted poisons. (also potential as a gene insertion)

GABA antagonist vs allosteric and effect

Antogonist:Blocks pores and prevents cloride influx

allosteric: Binds with channel interfereing with GABACl.

Effect leads to convulsions

What groups effect the gabas?

Group 2 and 30

How is GluCl effected?

Influx of Cl is activated resulting in flaccid paralysis

what group effect GluCL?

Group 6

What is preventing group 30 from being used?

Endangered species act

Group 2

Gaba antagonist

group 30

Gaba alleosteric

How fast are group 2 and 30

Fast action with moderate mortatility

how fast is group 6?

Relatively fast action with slower mortality.