The Scientific Method - Video Notes

A set of Q&A flashcards covering the key concepts from the lecture notes on the Scientific Method, including the flashlight example, the actual process steps, hypothesis vs. theory, lab materials, and exam topics.

What is the scientific method?

A sequence of logical steps used to design correct experiments and solve problems in science; applicable to all disciplines and often used in everyday problem solving.

In the flashlight example, what is the Observation?

The flashlight is not working.

In the flashlight example, what is the Question?

Why is my flashlight not working?

What is the Hypothesis in the flashlight example?

Maybe the battery is dead.

What is the Prediction tied to the battery hypothesis?

If I replace the battery, the flashlight will work.

What is the Experiment described for the battery hypothesis?

Replace the battery and test the flashlight again.

What is the Result of the battery experiment?

Flashlight still does not work.

What is the Conclusion from the battery experiment?

It was not the battery.

What is the New Hypothesis after the battery result?

Maybe the light bulb is burnt out.

What is the Prediction for the bulb hypothesis?

If I replace the bulb, the flashlight will finally work.

What is the Experiment for the bulb hypothesis?

Replace the bulb and test the flashlight again.

What is the Result after replacing the bulb?

Flashlight now works.

What is the Conclusion about the flashlight problem after the bulb test?

The problem was the bulb, not just a dead battery.

What are the Actual Process Steps listed in the notes?

Make observation; Ask question; Check background information; Perform experiment; Make prediction; Formulate hypothesis; Make conclusion; Accept or reject the hypothesis; Report your findings.

What is a Hypothesis?

A possible explanation for an observation that must be tested and can be refined with new data; it makes predictions.

What is a Theory?

A body of interconnected concepts that is supported by substantial experimental evidence and reasoning; expresses ideas scientists are most certain about.

How do Hypothesis and Theory differ in purpose?

A hypothesis is a testable explanation for a specific observation; a theory is a well-supported, broader framework of ideas.

What are the Materials for this lab?

Timers (e.g., cell phones, stopwatches), lab worksheets, experimental subjects (you and your classmates), and the location (the lab room).

What should you do in the lab according to the notes?

Work with your lab group and follow the procedure on the worksheet/handout you picked up.

What topics should you know for the Lab Exam?

The scientific method (its steps and what is done at each step), how to write a hypothesis, and what a theory is.